sIff $sIff $

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgLxfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] :yfgLo kf7\oj|mddf cfwfl/t kf7\ok':ts

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

ljBfyL{sf] gfd M

ljBfnosf] gfd M

cleefjssf] gfd M

cleefjssf] kmf]g g+= M

sIff $

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] :yfgLo kf7\oj|mddf cfwfl/t kf7\ok':ts

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

k|sfzs M v

}/xgL gu/kflnsf, lrtjg .

;xhLs/0f M ;fe g]kfn, kf]v/f . ;Dks{ M (*%^)#@$&#

;jf{lwsf/ M k|sfzsdf

k|sfzg M klxnf] ;+:s/0f, lj=;+=@)*!

d'b|0f M dgsfdgf 5fkfvfgf, v}/xgL–*, k;f{, lrtjg – )%^–%*@!(%

d"No M

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL -sIff $_

v}/xgL gu/kflnsf gu/sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no lrtjgn] ;fe g]kfn kf]v/f;Fusf]

;xof]udf tof/ kf/]sf] k|:t't kf7\ok':ts æxfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgLÆ k|yd ;+:s/0f ePsfn]

k|:t't ;+:s/0fdf b]lvPsf sld sdhf]/L k|lt oxfFsf] cd"No ;Nnfx ;'emfjsf nflu

xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . tkfO{x?sf] ;sf/fTds ;Nnfx Pjd\ ;'emfjn] kf7\ok':tsnfO{ yk

kl/:s[t agfpb} cufl8 a9\g pTk|]/0ff lbg]5 . wGojfb .

;'emfjsf] nfluM edu.khairahani@gmail.com

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

gu/ k|d'vsf] sndaf6

:yfgLo ;d'bfosf cfjZostf / ¿lrnfO{ dxŒj lbO{ :yfgLo :t/s} ;fwg, ;|f]t / lj1tfsf]

pkof]udfkm{t\ :yfgLo :t/df lgdf{0f, ljsf; / sfof{Gjog ul/g] kf7\oqmd :yfgLo kf7\oqmd xf] .

/fli6«o kf7\oqmdn] dfq hflt, efiff, wd{, ;+:s[lt cflbdf x'g] ljljwtfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ g;Sg]

ePsfn] :yfgLo kf7\oqmdsf] cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf] xf] .

g]kfn ljljwtfn] ;DkGg d'n's xf] . oxfF ljleGg y/L efiff, ;Eotf, k];f, ;+:s[lt, e]ife"iff

/ e"uf]nx? 5g\ . ltgsf cf–cfˆg} ljlzi6 klxrfg 5g\ . …ljljwtfdf PstfÚ g]kfnLsf] ljlzi6

klxrfg g} xf] . nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds ;ª\3Lo ;+ljwfg hf/L eO{ d'n's oxL af6f]df cl3

al9/x]sf a]nfdf ;+ljwfgn] ;d]t k|To]s efiff / ;Eotfsf] ;+/If0f / ;+a4{g ug{ kfpg] gful/ssf]

xsnfO{ df}lns xssf ?kdf ;'/lIft u/]sf] 5 eg] o;sf nflu ljleGg ;dodf P]g, sfg'g /

lgb{]lzsfx?;d]t aGg] qmddf /x]sf] 5 .

:yfgLo kf7\oqmdnfO{ cjwf/0ffut ?kdf k|i6\ofpg] qmddf g]kfnsf ljleGg b:tfa]hdf

/x]sf k|fjwfgx?nfO{ x]g{'kb{5 . xfn sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf gLltx?df :yfgLo kf7\oqmdsf af/]df

lgDgfg';f/ pNn]v ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ efu # sf] wf/f #! df lzIff ;DaGwL

df}lns xssf] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . o; wf/fsf] pkwf/f % df g]kfndf a;f]af; ug]{ k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{

sfg'gadf]lhd cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf lzIff kfpg] xs x'g]5 eGg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ Jojxf/tM

sfof{Gjogsf nflu :yfgLo kf7\oqmddfkm{t\ ;dfhdf /x]sf efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;f+:s[lts ;Eotf

/ ;DkbfnfO{ hu]gf{ ug]{ k|s[ltsf] 1fg, l;k / k|ljlw ljBfyL{nfO{ lbg' h¿/L 5 . lzIffnfO{ j}1flgs,

Joj;flos, ;Lkd"ns / /f]huf/d"ns Pjd\ hgd'vL agfpFb} ;Ifd k|lt:kwL{ g}lts Pjd\ /fli6«o

lxtk|lt ;dlk{t hgzlQm tof/ ug]{ -wf/f %! -h_-!_ . To;}u/L :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g

@)&$ sf] kl/R5]b # sf] bkmf !! -h_ -$_ df dft[efiffdf lzIff lbg] ljBfnosf] cg'dlt, cg'udg

tyf lgodg;DaGwL Joj:yf u/L :yfgLo kf7\oqmdsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yfnfO{ Oª\lut u/]sf] 5 .

To:t} pQm P]gsf] bkmf !! -h_ -!*_ df :yfgLo :t/sf] z}lIfs 1fg, l;k / k|ljlwsf] ;+/If0f,

k|jw{g / :t/Ls/0f ug]{ s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] ……lzIfssf xftdf kf7\os|d

/ ljBfyL{sf xftdf kf7\ok':tsÚÚ eGg] clek|fosf ;fy o; sfdnfO{ cl3 a9fPsf] xf] . of]

kf7\ok':ts lgdf{0fsf ;Gbe{df ;Dk"0f{ hgk|ltlglw, kf7\oqmdlj1, lzIffljb\, k|wfgfWofks, lzIfs,

cleefjs, ljBfyL{, n]vs, :yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnf nufot ;a} v

}/xgL

gu/kflnsfjf;Lsf] ;xof]u

k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7\ok':ts n]vgsf qmddf ljleGg r/0fsf uf]i7L, 5nkmn / cGt/lqmofdfkm{t\ :yfgLo

:t/sf cfjZostf / kf7\ok':tsdf ;d]6\g'kg{] ljifo ;Gbe{x?sf af/]df cjwf/0ff lgdf{0f ul/Psf]

5 . :yfgLo l;k, Ifdtf, snf, k];f, Joj;fo, :yfgLo ;Dkbf, :yfgLo klxrfgnfO{ kf7\ok':tsdf

;d]6]/ ljBfyL{sf 1fg, l;k / clej[lQnfO{ phfu/ ug{] k|of; u/fpg], Tof] kf7\ok':tsdf k|To]sn]

cfˆgf] klxrfg b]Vg] / ;a}n] ckgTj dx;'; ug{] 9ª\un] agfOPsf] of] kf7\ok':tsn] gofF lkF9LnfO{

cfˆgf] df}lnskgsf] vf]hL ug{ k|]l/t ug{] 5 .

:yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] cfjZostf, rfxgf / pgLx?s} ;xeflutfdf :yfgLo ljifoj:t'nfO{

;dfj]z u/L lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjog /x]sf] -xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL_ gfds kf7\ok':tssf] P]ltxfl;s

dxŒj /xg] s'/fdf s'g} zª\sf 5}g . o;sf] n]vg, ;Dkfbg / k|sfzgdf ;xof]u / ;xhLs/0f

ug{] ;+:yf ;fe g]kfn / ldlxg]tsf ;fy kf7\ok':ts n]vgdf vl6g'ePsf lj1 n]vsx?k|lt

gu/kflnsf xflb{s cfef/ JoQm ub{5 . kf7\ok':ts lgdf{0fsf ljleGg r/0fdf cfˆgf] cd"No ;'emfj

lbP/ ;xof]u ug{'x'g] kf7\oqmd ;xhLs/0f ;ldlt / kf7\oqmd d:of}bf n]vg ;ldlt, ljBfnosf

lzIfs, cleefjs, k|wfgfWofks, ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx?, lzIffljb\, ;dfh;]jL, ljleGg If]qsf lj1

JolQmŒjx?, gu/kflnsfsf ;Dk"0f{ hgk|ltlglwHo"x?, /fhg}lts JolQmŒj, sd{rf/Lx? ;a}nfO{

xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5f}F . ;fy} k':ts 5kfO{sf] cleef/f axg ug]{ dgsfdgf 5fkfvfgf k|lt klg

xfdL cfef/L 5f}F .

cGTodf, …xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgLÚ gfds o; :yfgLo kf7\ok':tssf] k"0f{ ;kmn sfof{Gjogsf

nflu z'esfdgf JoQm ug{ rfxG5f}F . lgdf{0fsf qmddf h:t} o;sf] cy{k"0f{ sfof{Gjogsf ;Gbe{df

klg ;a} kIfsf] plQs} ;xof]u / ;b\efj /xg] cfzf Pjd\ ljZjf; JoQm ub{5' .

zzL s'df/ vlgof

gu/ k|d'v

v}/xgL gu/kflnsf, lrtjg .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

ljifo;"rL

PsfO kf7 zLif{s k[i7

!= v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] kl/ro 1v}/xgLsf] k|fs[lts kl/ro 1

2d]/f] j8f 4

@= :yfgLo snf / ;+:s[lt 3cfk;L ;b\efj 8

4:yfgLo efiff 12

#= :yfgLo ko{6g 5ko{6s 16

6hª\un ;kmf/L 19

$= :yfgLo s[lif Joj;fo 7s/];faf/L 23

%= :yfgLo k];f, Joj;fo / k|ljlw 8ax'pkof]uL afF; 26

9k/Dk/fut cf/g k];f 29

^= :yfgLo k|fs[lts ;Dkbf 10 v}/xgLsf hn;Dkbf 33

11 h8La'6L 36

&= :yfgLo v]nx? 12 :yfgLo v]nx? 40

*= ljkb\ Jojj:yfkg / ;8s ;'/Iff 13 ljkb\ Joj:yfkg 44

14 6«flkms lgod 47

(= ;x/L ljsf;, k|b"if0f tyf kmf]xf]/

Joj:yfkg

15 v}/xgLsf ahf/If]q 51

16 k|b"if0f 55

17 kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg 58

!)= xfd|f d"No, dfGotf, ;bfrf/

/ of]u

18 :j:ys/ vfg]s'/f 62

19 of]u 65

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf]

kl/ro

PsfO–!

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 1

kf7

v}/xgLsf] k|fs[lts kl/ro

cfh xfd|f] :yfgLo

kf7\ok':ts k9fpg] u'¿n]

v}/xgLsf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?

pNn]v u/]sf] lrq;lxtsf]

7'nf] rf6{ k]k/ lnP/

sIffdf cfpg'eof] . xfdL

cToGt pT;flxt eof}F .

u'¿n] leQ]kf6Ldf pSt lrqnfO{ em'G8\ofO;s]kl5 s'/fsfgL ;'¿ eof] ._

;'ldgf M u'¿ of] k|fs[lts ;|f]t eg]sf] s] xf] < o;af6 xfdLnfO{ s] kmfObf x'G5 / <

u'? M efOalxgLx? xf]M df6f], kfgL, xfjf, bfp/f, t]n, ;f}o{ pmhf{, afo' pmhf{

cflb k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? x'g\ . xfdL dflg;x? k|s[lts} Ps c+z xf}F .

xfdLn] o:tf k|fs[lts j:t'x?sf] k|of]u u/L w]/} kmfObf lng ;S5f}F .

xfdLn] vfg]s'/f lkpg] kfgL, k|f0f jfo', hn ljB't, cf}ifwL / OGwgx?

vlgh, hª\un, tfn tn}of cflb k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?af6 k|fKt ug{ ;S5f}F .

u'/fF; M o;sf] dxŒjsf af/]df Pp6f pbfx/0f lbP/ k|i6 kfl/lbg'xf];\ g u'¿ .

u'? M x'G5, d a'emfpg] sf]l;; ug{] 5' . dflg;n] cfk"mnfO{ cfjZos kg]{

lrhlahx? k|s[ltaf6 g} k|fKt u5{ . h:t} M 3/ agfpgsf nflu hldg

k|s[ltdf pknAw x'G5 . 3/sf nflu rflxg] sf7, 9'ª\uf, afn'jf cflb

k|s[ltd} kfOG5 . k|s[ltn] dflg;nfO{ ;j{;DkGg agfOlbPsf] 5 . dflg;sf]

sfd eg]sf] To;nfO{ plrt tl/sfn] k|of]u ug]{ dfq xf] . dflg;sf nflu

k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? g} ljsf;sf k|d'v ;fwg x'g\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

;'lhtf M t/ u'¿, xfdLn] k|of]u dfq} ug{' t x'Fb}g xf]nf lg < o;sf] ;+/If0f klg

ug{'kg{] xf]nf lg <

u'? M nf} ;'g, xfdLn] k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? Psf]xf]/f] k|of]u dfq ug]{ xf]Og, To;sf]

;+/If0f ug{ klg l;Sg'k5{ . k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] ;+/If0f ul/Pg eg] Tof]

x/fP/ hfg ;S5 . To;}n] jgsf] ;+/If0f ug'{k5{ .

;Ldf M u'¿, vlgh kbfy{sf af/]df klg elglbg'xf];\ g .

u'? M efOalxgLx?, vlgh eg]sf] k[YjL leq kfOg] k|fs[lts kbfy{ xf] h'g

9'+uf h:t} s8f x'G5 . o;af6 ;'g, tfdf, kmnfd h:tf lrhx? kb{5g\ .

jf:tjdf v}/xgLdf kfOg] o:tf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?dWo] xfn vlgh eg]

k|of]udf cfPsf] kfOFb}g . gbL lsgf/df lu6\6L afn'jfsf ;fy} 9'ªufnfO{

lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf ?kdf k|of]u ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

lznf M gu/kflnsfdf ljsf; x'g s] ug{'k5{ t u'¿ <

u'? M ;a}eGbf klxn] t cfˆgf] 7fpFsf] ljsf;sf nflu ToxfF ePsf k|fs[lts

;|f]tx?sf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ . o;sf nflu :yfgLo hgtf / gu/kflnsflar

/fd|f] ;dGjo x'g' h¿/L 5 . v}/xgL k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf lx;fan] wgL

eP tfklg o;sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . xfn gu/kflnsfn] o;

;DaGwdf dxTjsf ;fy ljleGg of]hgfx? agfO/x]sf] 5 .

-3G6L aH5 ._

lzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ v}/xgLsf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] ;"rL agfO{ sIffdf k|:t't

ug'{xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 3

!= tkfO{FF a;]sf] 7fpF j/k/ s] s:tf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? 5g\ < ;"rL agfO{

sIffdf ;fyLx?;Fu 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿ l7s eP -_ lrXg / a]l7s eP -_ lrXg n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ xfdL dflg;x? k|s[lts} Ps c+z xf}F .

v_ dflg;sf nflu k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? g} ljsf;sf k|d'v ;fwg xf]Ogg\ .

u_ gbLgfnfx?df hyfefjL kmf]xf]/ kmfNg], ljiffbL xfNg] ug'{ x'Fb}g .

3_ k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] k|of]usf nflu :yfgLo hgtf / gu/kflnsflar

/fd|f] ;dGjo x'g' h¿/L 5 .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ k|fs[lts ;|f]t eg]sf] s] xf] < pbfx/0f;lxt n]Vg'xf];\ .

v_ xfdLn] k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] lsg ;+/If0f ug{'k5{ <

u_ hyfefjL ;8sx? lgdf{0f ubf{ s:tf] c;/ kg{ ;S5 <

3_ vfgLaf6 lgsflnPsf wft'af6 s] s:tf j:t'x? lgdf{0f ul/Gy] <

ª_ v}/xgLsf] ljsf;sf nflu k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] s;/L k|of]u ug{'k5{ <

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7

gd:sf/ ;fyLx? Û d]/f] gfd /d]z b/fO{ xf] . d gf} jif{sf] ePF . d lkb|xgL cfwf/e"t

ljBfnosf] sIff $ df k9\5' . d]/f] gu/kflnsfsf] gfd v}/xgL gu/kflnsf xf] . d

!! gDa/ j8fdf a:5' .

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf hDdf !# j6f j8f 5g\ . d]/f] j8fsf] k"j{df s'rs'r]

;fd'bflos jg / klZrddf v}/xgL gu/kflnsfs} j8f g+ !@ k5{ . To;}u/L pQ/df

j8f g+ !) v/v'6\6] kb{5, blIf0fdf lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~h / /fKtL gbL k5{ . d]/f]

j8fdf @ cf]6f cfwf/e"t ljBfno 5g\ .

d]/f] j8fsf dflg;x? lsgd]nsf nflu hfg] d'Vo ahf/x? ;ldrf]s / l;4fy{rf]s

x'g\ . d]/f] j8fdf Pp6f :jf:Yo rf}sL 5 . d]/f] j8fdf w]/} hfthfltsf] a;f]af;

ePklg b/fO{ hfltsf] ;ª\Vof a9L 5 . oxfFsf dflg;x?sf] d'Vo k]zf s[lif xf] .

s[lif k]zf;Fu} d]/f] j8fsf dflg;x?n] ljleGg k]zf u/]sf 5g\ . oxfF wfg, ds}, ux'F,

tf]/Lnufotsf cGg afnLx? pTkfbg x'G5g\ . d]/f] j8fsf dflg;x? lgs} kl/>dL

@d]/f] j8f

pQ/

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 5

5g\ . sf]xL s'v'/f kfng u5{g\, sf]xL t/sf/L v]tL u5{g\ eg] sf]xL Jofkf/ Joj;fo

tyf hflu/ u/]/ lhljsf]kfh{g u/]sf 5g\ .

d]/f] j8fdf km/s km/s hfthflt, efiff, wd{ ;+:s[lt dfGg] dflg;x?sf] a;f]af;

eP klg ;a}lar cfk;L d]nldnfk /x]sf] 5 . j8faf;Ln] ;'v b'Mvdf Pscsf{nfO{

;xof]u ug]{ ub{5g\ . ljleGg rf8kj{df d]/f ufpFsf dflg;x? Ps csf{nfO{

z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg u/L /dfOnf] ub{5g\ . d]/f] j8fdf a:g] ;a}n] ;fgfnfO{ dfof

/ 7'nfnfO{ cfb/ u5{g\ . d}n] d]/f] j8faf;L ljBfnosf u'¿x?af6 oxL c;n

;+:sf/ l;s]sf] 5' .

Ps;oeGbf a9L b]zsf em08fx?nfO{

d]/} j8fsf] em08fkfs{df ;ª\sng u/]/

/flvPsf] 5 . em08fkfs{df km'6an,

6]lg;an / c? v]nsf nflu rf}/sf]

Joj:yf klg 5 . kfs{df /x]sf] wfld{s

:yn s[i0f dlGb/, lzjdlGb/ / a|Xd:yfg

dlGb/df a]nfa]nfdf eSthgx?sf]

3'OFrf] nfU5 . d]/f] j8fdf ljz]if 5nkmn

x'Fbf a}7s a:gsf nflu ;efxnsf] klg

Joj:yf 5 .

d]/f] j8fdf u}+8f tfn, xl/ofnL kfs{, lr;fkfgL hnfwf/ If]q, /fKtL nf]ssNof0fsf/L

;fd'bflos jg, s'rs'r] ;fd'bflos jg, l:jldª k'n h:tf ko{6sLo :ynx? /x]sf

5g\ . oxfFsf] /fKtL 8\ofd;fO8af6 lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] ;'Gb/ b[Zo cjnf]sg

ug{ ;lsG5 . oxfF 3'Dg cfpg] ko{6ssf nflu /fKtL Eo", s'rs'r] km/]:6, cuf{lgs

s6]h nufot cGo xf]6n ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . d]/f] j8fnfO{ cem ljsl;t

agfpg hgk|ltlglwx? / ;dfh;]jLx?n] ljsf;sf sfdx? ul//xg'ePsf] 5 .

dnfO{ d hGd]sf] d]/f] j8f Kof/f] nfU5 .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

cEof;

lzIf0f ;'emfj

• cfb/0fLo lzIfs, ljBfyL{x?nfO{ dflysf] kf7df h:t} v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf

cGo j8fx?sf] af/]df klg hfgsf/L u/fpg'xf];\ .

• ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx? Û gu/kflnsf / j8fsf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] gfd

tflnsfdf n]Vg'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

!= pko'St zAb /fv]/ vfnL 7fpF eg'{xf];\ .

s_ d ===========gu/kflnsfdf a:5' .

v_ d]/f] j8fsf dflg;x? lgs} =========5g\ .

u_ em08f kfs{==============j8fdf k5{ .

3_ hgk|ltlglwx?n]===== =========sfd u5{g\ .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] Ps jfSodf pQ/ eGg'xf];\ .

s_ tkfO{F slt gDa/ j8fdf a:g'x'G5 <

v_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf sltj6f j8f 5g\ <

u_ tkfOF{{sf] j8fsf dflg;x?sf] d'Vo k]zf s] xf] <

3_ tkfOF{ a:g] j8fdf /x]sf wfld{s :ynx?sf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ .

#= lzIfssf] ;xfotfdf lbOPsf] j]a;fO6af6 tkfOF{{{sf] j8fdf /fli6«o hgu0fgf

@)&* cg';f/sf] hg;ª\Vof ljj/0f n]vg'xf];\ . https://censusnepal.

cbs.gov.np

kl/of]hgf sfo{

• tkfO{Fsf j8fdf ePsf ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

:yfgLo snf / ;+:s[lt

PsfO–@

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7

-v}/xgL df=lj=sf] v]n d}bfgdf

v]ns'b ;Ktfx ;'? ePsf] 5 . x/]s jif{

o;/L g} sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'G5 . cfh

skbL{ / Do'lhsn lro/sf] kfnf] xf] .

cfFksf] ?vd'lg a;]/ ljBfyL{x?n]

u/]sf s'/fsfgL ;+jfbsf ?kdf oxfF

k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 ._

/d]z M -v';L x'Fb}_ lxhf] xfd|f] ;bgn] bf}8 lhTof] . cfh skbL{ klg lhTg'k5{

x} cAb'n Û

cAb'n M -/d]zlt/ x]b}{ ;fgf] :j/df_ xf] lg Û of] jif{sf] w]/} k'/:sf/ xfdLn]

lhTg'k5{ t/ cdg / clgtfsf sf/0f xfdL kl5 kg{ ;S5f}F .

cflzsf M s] x'Fb}5 otf < slt l56f] cfP5f} ltdLx? t Û

cdg M lbbL cfh t d klg v]N5' x} skbL{ <

cAb'n M cxF Û x'Fb}g ltdLn] ubf{ xfdL xf5f}{F . -cln l/;fPem}F u5{_

cflzsf M To;f] xf]Og cAb'n xfl/G5 eg]/ ;fyLnfO{ v]Ng /f]Sg' xF'b}g . lhTg'dfq

7"nf] s'/f xf]Og . dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s ljsf;sf nflu klg v]Ng'k5{ .

clgtf M -n8\8' xftdf lbFb}_ cdg, n8\8' vfg"" .

cdg M -cflzsf;Fu sfg]v';L ub}{_ xfd|f] afafn] gvfg eGg'ef5 s] lbbL Û

dnfO{ n8\8' t Psbd} dgk5{ lg .

cflzsf M pm blnt kl/jf/sL xf], ;fob oxL eP/ xf] ls p;sf] afafn] gvfg

eg]sf] . xfd|f] ;f]r slxn] kl/jt{g xf]nf < cdg, d / clgtfdf s]

#cfk;L ;b\efj

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 9

km/s 5 / < xfdL t Pp6} ljBfnodf k9\g] ;fyL xf}F . xfdL lar

s'g} klg lje]b x'g'x'Gg . ;kmf / tfhf vfg]s'/f ;fyLn] lbPsf] vfg

x'G5 . ahf/sf] Kofs]6sf] hª\s km'8 kf] vfg x'Fb}g . cdg vfpm n

ca . -xftdf n8\8' lbFb}_

cdg M -n8\8' vfFb}_ cfxf Û ld7f] /}5 .

8f]Ndf M dnfO{ slt g/dfOnf] nfu]sf] lyof] aNn v';L nfUof] . sIffdf

dnfO{ klg ef]6]gL eGb} lh:SofpF5g\ ;fyLx? ufnL ulb{g' g lbbL .

-cflzsflt/ x]b}{_

cAb'n M lbbL, dnfO{ emg\ of] cdgn] wf]tL, dlw;] eGb} lh:SofpF5 .

-cdglt/ x]b}{ _

cflzsf M cf]xf] Û xf] / < efOalxgLx? ;of}F y'ª\uf km"nsf xfdL Pp6} dfnf

g]kfnL eg]/ t /fli6«o ufg lbglbg} ufp5f}F xf]Og / <

;a} M xf] xf] .

cflzsf M xfd|f] b]znfO{ ef}uf]lns lx;fan] slt efudf afl8Psf] 5 <

clgtf M tLg efudf . lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ .

cflzsf M lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ ;a} g]kfn g} xf] . hxfF a;]klg xfdL g]kfnL g}

xf}F . To;}n] s;}nfO{ lh:Sofpg] sfd /fd|f] xf]Og . o:tf s'/fn] xfd|f]

;DaGw lau|G5 . n eg t Û xfd|f] z/L/df s'g s'g cª\u 5g\ <

/d]z M gfs, d'v, cfFvf xft v'6\6f ====clg k"/} z/L/ .

cflzsf M cdg ltd|f] gfs / cfFvfh:tf z/L/sf cª\u eP/ t ;'Gb/ 5f} .

To:t} xfd|f] b]z klg ef}uf]lns, hftLo, ;f+:s[lts, eflifs, k|fs[lts

ljljwtfn] ;'Gb/ ag]sf] 5 . ;a} g]kfnLsf] ;dfg clwsf/ / st{Jo 5 .

xfdL Pp6} ;bgdf slt hftsf ;fyLx? 5f}F < csf]{ s'/f yfxf 5 <

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

8f]Ndf lxdfnaf6, cAb'n t/fO{af6, clgtf, d / cdg kxf8af6 o;

ufpFdf cfPsf xf}F . xfdL ;a} ldn]/ a;]sf 5f}F . oxL g} xf] xfd|f] lrgf/L .

/d]z M -cufl8 cfP/_ xfd|L lbbLn] t slt w]/} s'/f hfGg'efsf] . sxfFaf6

hfGg' eof] of] ;a <

cflzsf M lstfadf k9]/ . of] ;a s'/f lstfaaf6} yfxf x'G5 lg . csf]{ s'/f d

t b'O{ jif{b]lv lszf]/L cleoGtf eP/ sfd u/]sL 5' . tflnddf w]/}

s'/f l;Sg kfOG5 lg .

lzIfs M d]/f efOalxgLx?sf] s] 5 va/ < cfh t v'a ukm rln/fsf] 5 lg .

;a} M -;/tk{m kms]{/_ gd:sf/ ;/ Û

cdg M ;/, cfh lbbLn] xfdLnfO{ xh'/n]h:t} u/]/ ;Demfpg' ef] lg . ca t

d klg cAb'nnfO{ s]xL elGbg . -;/lt/ x]b}{_

lzIfs M P xf] / Û s] s'/f eof] / cfh cflzsf <

cflzsf M ;fyL ;fyL lar lje]b ug{ x'Gg eg]/ ;Demfsf] lg ;/ .

lzIfs M lje]bn] t cfk;L ;DaGw lau|G5 lg . xfdL ;dfhdf a:5f}F . ;dfhdf

w]/} hfthfltsf] a;f]af; x'G5 . pgLx?sf] cfˆg} efiff clg ;+:s[lt

5 . rf8kj{ klg km/s km/s 5g\ . To;}n] xfd|f] b]znfO{ ;femf km"naf/L

elgPsf] xf] . Pscsf{nfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ ;dfhdf a:g'k5{ . o;}af6 xfdL

lardf ;b\efj a9\5 . cfk;L ;b\efj / ;xof]uaf6} xfdLn] pGglt ug{

;S5f}F lg . xfdLn] dfof k|]d / ;Ddfg rfxG5f}F eg] c?nfO{ klg ;Ddfg

ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . lje]bd'St ;dfh lgdf{0f ug{ xfdL g} c;n aGg'k5{ .

x}g / a'‰of} ;a}n] <

;a} M a'‰of}F ;/ Û xfdL xh'/n] eg]em}F Pscsf{nfO{ ;xof]u u/]/ cfk;L

;b\efj a9fpg]5f}F v]n klg lhTg]5f}F . -;a}hgf v]n v]Ng hfG5g\ ._

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 11

lzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx?nfO{ g]kfn ;of}+ hflt, ;of}+ efiffefifL, ljljw ;+:s[lt

/ ef}uf]lns ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{ b]z xf] eg]/ hfgsf/L u/fOlbg'xf];\ .

!= xfd|f] ;dfhdf klg w]/} hfthflt ldn]/ a;]sf] s'/f af/] sIffdf 5nkmn

ug'{xf];\ .

@ tkfOF{sf] l5d]sdf s'g s'g wd{ / rf8kj{ dfGg] dflg;x? a:b5g\ <

;f]w]/ ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ .

s_ cAb'nn] cdgnfO{ skbL{ v]nfpg grfxg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <

v_ g]kfnnfO{ lsg km"naf/L elgPsf] xf] <

u_ cfk;L ;b\efj s;/L a9\5 <

3_ g]kfnLsf] ljz]iftf s] xf] <

@= jfSo k9]/ l7s eP l7s / a]l7s eP a]l7s n]Vg'xf];\ .

s_ 1fgf]bo dfljdf v]n ;Ktfx rln/x]sf] 5 .

v_ Ps csf{nfO{ 3[0ff u/] cfk;L ;b\efj a9\5 .

u_ g]kfndf ;of}+ hfltsf] a;f]af; 5}g .

3_ xfdLn] dfof / ;Ddfg kfpg c?nfO{ klg ;Ddfg ug'{k5{ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7 $:yfgLo efiff

-cfh z'qmaf/ u'¿cfdf xfF:b} sIffdf cfpg'eof] . pxfFn] cfh cfcfˆgf efiffdf

kl/ro u/f}F x} eGg'eof] ._

k|l;l4sf M gd:sf/ Û ;fyLx? d]/f] gfd k|l;l4sf e6\6/fO{ xf] . d rf/ sIffdf

k9\5' . d v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] j8f g+= !# w/dk'/df a:5' . d]/f]

6f]ndf a|fDx0f If]qL u'?ª, du/, yf? cflbsf] a;f]af; /x]sf] 5 .

dnfO{ d hGd]sf] x's]{sf] ufpF lgs} /dfOnf] nfU5 .

;'e]Iff M emf]n]{ Û ªf], d]/f] gfd ;'e]Iff /fgf cfn] xf] . d]/f] dft[efiff du/ xf] .

d]/f] 3/df afh] aHo}, sfG5f af, sfG5L cfdf, efOalxgL / d a:5f}+ .

d]/f] efO ;fgf] 5 . pm b'O{ sIffdf k9\5 . d]/f afafcfdf hfkfg

x'g'x'G5 . dnfO{ pxfFx?sf] w]/} ofb cfpF5 . ca g]kfn cfPkl5 d]/f]

afaf cfdfnfO{ ljb]z ghfg" eG5' . d klg k9]/ d]/} ufpFdf hflu/ u/]/

a:5' . dnfO{ klg d]/f] hGd e"ld Kof/f] nfU5 . ca kfnf] ltd|f] xf] x}

dfgj .

dfgj M :ofjf nuO Û d]/f] gfd dfgj rf}w/L xf] . d]/f] ufpF w/dk'/ xf] . d]/f]

kl/jf/df yf? efiff af]lnG5 . yf? efiff xfd|f] klxrfg xf] . tkfO{

klg eGg' g bLlIft bfO Û -dfgjn] bLlIftlt/ x]b}{ eG5 _

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 13

lblIft M 5]FHofnf] Û ªn dL bLlIft u'?ª lªaf . d dfdf3/df a:5' . d]/f]

dft[efiff u'?ª efiff xf] . u'?cfdf tkfO{Fsf] 3/ sxfF xf] lg <

-u'?cfdflt/ x]b{}_

u'?cfdf M hf]hf]nKkf Û lhp gfd ;ljtf k|wfg vM . d klg w/dk'/d} a:5' . :ofaf;\ Û

efOalxgLx?, cfh ltdLx?n] cfcfˆgf] dft[efiffdf clejfbg;lxt

kl/ro lbFbf ;fx|} v';L nfUof] . b]jgfu/L lnlkdf n]lvg] g]kfnL

efiff g]kfnsf] ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff xf] eg] g]kfndf af]lng]

;a} dft[efiffx? /fi6« efiff x'g\ . dft[efiff xfdL / xfd|f] b]zsf]

klxrfg / ;+:s[lt xf] . xfd|f] v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf a;f]jf; ug]{ ;a}

hfthfltx?sf] klg cfcfˆg} dft[efiff 5g\ . efiffnfO{ hf]ufO{ /fVg

5f]/f5f]/Lx?nfO{ klg l;sfpg'k5{ .

efOalxgLx? Û g]kfnL efiffdf cfkm"eGbf ;fgfnfO{ tF elgG5 . cfk"m ;/xsf

;fyLx?nfO{ ltdL elgG5 eg] cfkm"eGbf 7'nfnfO{ tkfO{F elgG5 . cGo efiffdf klg

cfb/fyL{ zAbx? x'G5g\ . h:t} du/ efiffdf gfO÷lgª\s] -tF, ltdL_, gfsf] -tkfO{F+,

xh'/_ cflb . ha;Dd efiff /xG5 ta;Dd xfd|f] cl:tŒj /xG5 To;}n] efiffsf]

;+/If0f ug'{ xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo xf] .

lzIf0f ;'emfj M

• cb/0fLo lzIfs, ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx?nfO{ cf–cfˆg} dft[efiffcg';f/

k|of]u ul/g] cfb/fyL{ zAbx?sf af/]df 5nkmn u/fpg'xf];\ .

lj|mofsnfk M

• ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx? Û tkfO{sf efiffdf cfk"meGbf ;fgf, cfkm" ;/xsf /

cfk"meGbf 7'nfnfO{ k|of]u ul/g] cfb/fyL{ zAbx? k|of]u u/L kfFr j6f

jfSo n]Vg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

!= ldNbf] zAb;Fu hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ .

gd:t] du/ efiff

emf]n]{ g]kfnL efiff

:ofjf nuO g]jf/L efiff

hf]hf]nKkf u'?ª efiff

5]FHofnf] yf? efiff

@= vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] zAb eg'{xf];\ .

s_ ;'e]Iffsf] dft[efiff ================xf] . -u'?ª÷du/_

v_ ========= sf] kl/jf/df yf? efiff af]N5g\ . -dfgj÷bLlIft_

u_ g]kfndf af]lng] ;a} dft[efiffx? ==========x'g\ . -dft[efiff÷/fi6« efiff_

3_ cfkm"eGbf 7'nfnfO{F ==============elgG5 . -tkfO{F÷ltdL_

#= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ .

s_ tkfOF{sf] dft[efiff s'g xf] <

v_ du/ efiffdf gd:sf/nfO{ s] elgG5 <

u_ g]kfnsf] ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff s'g xf] <

3_ xfdLn] efiffnfO{ hf]ufpg s] ug'{k5{ <

cEof;

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

:yfgLo ko{6g

PsfO–#

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7 %ko{6s

v}/xgL lrtjg lhNnfsf]

Pp6f ;'Gb/ gu/kflnsf

xf] . xfd|f] v}/xgL ;kmf,

:jR5 / ;'Gb/ /x]sfn] w]/}

6f9f–6f9faf6 dflg;x?

oxfF 3'Dg cfpF5g\ . Ps

7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf

dgf]/~hg, Jofkf/ cflb ls|ofsnfk ug]{ p2]Zon] ofqf ug]{ dfG5]nfO{ ko{6s elgG5 .

Jofkf/, dgf]/~hg / /dfOnf]sf nflu ul/g] ofqfnfO{ ko{6g elgG5 . cfGtl/s

ko{6g / jfx\o ko{6g u/L ko{6g b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . s'g} b]zsf] l;df leq

dgf]/~hg, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s jf s'g} klg cGo sf/0fx?sf p2]Zo

/fv]/ ul/g] ofqfnfO{ cfGtl/s ko{6g elgG5 . s'g} b]zsf] l;df aflx/ jf ljb]zaf6

xfd|f] b]zdf dgf]/~hg, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s h:tf p2]Zo /fv]/ ul/Psf]

ofqfnfO{ jfx\o ko{6g elgG5 . ko{6sn] 3'Dg cfPsf] 7fpFdf cfˆgf] k};f vr{

ub{5g\ . ko{6sn] u/]sf] vr{ xfd|f] 7fpFsf] nflu cfDbfgL x'G5 . cfhef]ln xfd|f]

7fpFdf ko{6snfO{ af; a:gsf nflu 7"nf–7"nf xf]6n vf]Ng] / /dfOnf]sf nflu

kfs{ -au}+rf_ h:tf :yfgx?sf] :yfkgf u/L dflg;x?n] cfˆgf] cfDbfgL u/]sf]

kfOG5 .

xfd|f] v}/xgLdf cfGtl/s / afXo b'j} k|sf/sf ko{6sx? cfpg] ub{5g\ . oxfF afXo

eGbf cfGtl/s ko{6sx? a9L cfpg] ub{5g\ . xfd|f] gu/kflnsfleq /x]sf k|fs[lts

;Dkbf, ;fd'bflos jg, ljleGg hftL jf ;d'bfodf /x]sf] xf]d:6], ljleGg hfthfltsf

;+:s[lt, afn pBfg, au}+rf, d7 dlGb/ cflb ko{6ssf nflu d'Vo cfsif{0f x'g\ .

log} 7fpFx? 3'Dgsf nflu oxfF ko{6sx? cfpg] ub{5g\ . ko{6sx?sf nflu eg]/

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 17

;'ljwf ;DkGg xf]6nx? klg /x]sf 5g\ . dWojtL{ tyf ;fd'bflos jg If]q xfd|f]

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] dxŒjk"0f{ ko{6sLo If]q xf] . oxfF hª\un ;kmf/Lsf nflu

cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6sx? cfpg] ub{5g\ . v}/xgL gu/kflnsfleq ljleGg

7fpFdf nfUg] xf6 ahf/, ;do–;dodf nfUg] d]nf dxf]T;jx? klg ko{6snfO{

cfsif{0f ug]{ csf]{ dxŒjk"0f{ ljifo x'g\ .

……xfd|f] v}/xgLÙ /fd|f] v}/xgLÚÚ agfpgsf nflu o; If]qleq /x]sf jghª\un, dflg;n]

agfPsf pBfg, au}+rf cflbsf] plrt ;+/If0f tyf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{kb{5 . o;f] ug{

;s]sf] v08df v}/xgL If]qdf ko{6s cfudgdf j[l4 x'g hfG5 . ko{6s w]/}

;ª\Vofdf cfPdf gu/kflnsfsf] cfDbfgLdf j[l4 x'g uO{ xfd|f] 7fpFsf] yk ljsf;

ug{ ;lsG5 . gu/nfO{ xfdL ;a} ldn]/ ;kmf, :jR5 / ;'Gb/ /flv/fVg' kb{5 . of] ug{'

xfd|f] st{Jo / bfloTj klg xf] .

lzIf0f ;'emfj M

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ v}/xgL gu/kflndf /x]sf dxŒjk"0f{ ko{6sLo If]qx?sf

kmf]6f] tyf >Job[Zo ;fdu|L b]vfO{ yk k|i6 kfl/lbg'xf];\ .

lj|mofsnfk M

• tkfO{+ a:g] j8fdf /x]sf ko{6sLo :yfgx?sf] ;"rL tof/ kf/L sIffdf

lzIfs / ;fyLx?;Fu ltgLx?sf] af/]df 5nkmn ug{'xf];\ .

• cfGtl/s / afx\o ko{6s cfpg] xfd|f] v}/xgL gu/kflnsfleqsf s'g–s'g

7fpFdf tkfO{+ hfg'ePsf] 5 < ;"rL tof/ ug{'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

!_ pko'Qm cy{ 5fgL tnsf zAbx¿sf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ .

afSnf] aflx/sf] jf b]zaflx/af6

;dy/ afnaflnsf /dfOnf] u/L v]Ng] 7fpF

afXo ;Dd k/]sf] efu

afnpBfg xfdLn] ug}{ kg]{ sfd

st{Jo w]/} ;ª\Vofdf÷3gf

@_ kf7sf] cfwf/df pko'Qm zAb /fvL vfnL 7fpF eg'{xf];\ .

s_ v}/xgL =============== lhNnfsf] Pp6f ;'Gb/ gu/kflnsf xf] .

v_ ko{6ssf]] ofqf ;fdfGotof Ps lbg -@$ 306f_ b]lv ===============

leqsf] x'g] ub{5 .

u_ cfGtl/s / =============== ko{6g u/L ko{6g b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ .

3_ s'd/f]h v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf]

===============

If]qdf /x]sf] 5 .

ª_ v}/xgLnfO{ ;kmf, :jR5 / ;'Gb/ /fVg' xfd|f] st{Jo / ========= xf] .

#_ tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ .

s_ ko{6s eg]sf] s] xf] < n]Vg'xf];\ .

v_ ko{6s / ko{6gdf s] km/s 5 < n]Vg'xf];\ .

u_ cfGtl/s ko{6g eg]sf] s] xf] < k|i6 kfg{'xf];\ .

3_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf ko{6s cfpg] dxŒjk"0f{ cfsif{0fx? s]–s]

x'g\ < ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

ª_ ……xfd|f] v}/xgLÙ /fd|f] v}/xgLÆ agfpgsf nflu s] ug{'kb{5 < k|i6 kfg{'xf];\ .

cEof;

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 19

kf7 ^hª\un ;kmf/L

3gf hª\undf x'g] ;fxl;s ofqfnfO{ hª\un ;kmf/L jf jg kbofqf elgG5 . of]

jgsf] cGj]if0f / jGohGt' cjnf]sgsf nflu Ps gofF b[li6sf]0f xf] . hª\un

;kmf/Lx? k}bn lxF8\g jf lhkdf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;nfO{ jg 6«]nsf] ?kdf klg

kl/eflift ug{ ;lsG5 . o; afx]s kbofqf ug{'sf] ;§f xfdLn] lhk jf xfQL jf

3f]8faf6 klg hª\un ;kmf/L ug{ ;S5f}F .

hª\un ;kmf/Ln] s'g} vf; If]qsf] hª\un cGj]if0f dfq} ;dfj]z ub}{g . jg

If]q / jGohGt' xfdLn] x]g{ rfx]sf]df lge{/ x'G5 . h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cfgGb

lngsf] nflu klg hª\un ;kmf/L ug{ ;lsG5 . hª\un ;kmf/Lsf nflu v}/xgL

gu/kflnsfsf] j8f gDa/ !@ / !# sf] s'd/f]h ;fd'bflos jg / j8f gDa/

!) / !! sf] s7f/ ;fd'bflos jg lgs} k|l;4 5g\ . h;df s'd/f]h dWojtL{

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, s'rs'r] dWojtL{ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x,

s07]Zj/L dWojtL{ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, b]jLyfg dWojtL{ ;fd'bflos jg

pkef]Qmf ;d"x, s+sfnL ;fd'bflos jg, clhË/] ;fd'bflos jg /x]sf 5g\ . ;fljs

r}gk'/ uf=lj=;=df b'O{ j6f ;fd'bflos jg, ;fljs s7f/ uf=lj=;=df rf/ j6f /

;fljs s'd/f]h uf=lj=;=df Pp6f ;fd'bflos jg /x]sf] 5 . oL kfFr j6f dWojtL{

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

;fd'bflos jg blIf0fdf /x]sf] lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hnfO{ 5f]Psf] 5 .

oL jgdf g]kfnsf] b'n{e Ps l;Ë] u}+8f, xfQL, af3, efn', lrQn, d[u, h/fof],

xl/0f, lgn ufO{ cflb kfpg'sf] ;fy} do'/, 9's'/, jg s'v'/f, sf]OnL, v/ do'/, sfu,

as'Nnf, xfF; cflb kfOG5 . o; jgdf l;dn, vo/, k6\s], e]Nn/, c/]nL sfF8f

cflb kfpg ;lsG5 . s+sfnL / clhË/] ;fd'bflos jgdf af3, efn', d[u, aFb]n

cflb kfpg'sf ;fy} ;fnsf ?vx? k|z:t} dfqdf kfpg ;lsG5 .

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] o; If]qdf ko{6sLo ultljlw a9fpg hª\un

;kmf/LnfO{ xf]d–:6];Fu} hf]8 lbg kxn u/]sf] 5 . oxfFsf hª\undf hª\un ;kmf/L

ub}{ ljleGg jGohGt', r/fr'¿ª\uLx? tyf ljleGg jg:kltx?sf] cjnf]sg u/]/

cfgGb lng ;lsG5 .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• tkfO{Fsf] ljBfno j/k/ klg s'g} 5'§} ljz]iftf af]s]sf 7fpF 5g\ ls <

ljBfyL{nfO{ cjnf]sg e|d0f u/fO{ To;af/] sIffdf 5nkmn ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .

• v}/xg

gu/kflnsfdf ePsf s'd/f]h ;fd'bflos jg h:t} cGo wfld{s tyf

h}ljs ljljwtf jf a]Un} ljz]iftfo'Qm :yn eP cfˆgf cleefjsx?;Fu

;f]w]/ kQf nufpg'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 21

!= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .

s_ hª\un ;kmf/L eg]sf] s] xf] <

v_ hª\un ;kmf/L lsg ul/G5 <

u_ v}/xgLdf hª\un ;kmf/Laf6 s]–s] s'/f x]g{ ;lsG5 <

3_ v}/xgLdf s] s:tf hgfj/x? /x]sf 5g\ <

@= pko'Qm zAb rog u/L vfnL 7fpF k"/f ug{'xf];\ .

s_ 3gf hª\undf x'g] =============== ofqfnfO{ hª\un ;kmf/L jf jg

kbofqf elgG5 .

v_ =============== n] s'g} vf; If]qsf] hª\un cGj]if0f dfq} ;dfj]z

ub}{g .

u_ v}/xgLsf hª\undf hª\un ;kmf/Lsf] =============== ;Defjgf 5 .

3_ oxfFsf hª\undf hª\un ;kmf/L ub}{ ljleGg jGohGt', ===============

tyf ljleGg jg:kltx?sf] cjnf]sg u/]/ cfgGb lng ;lsG5 .

cEof;

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

:yfgLo s[lif Joj;fo

PsfO–$

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 23

kf7

d]/f] ;fgf] 3/ 5 3/lg/ af/L 5

t/sf/L kmn]/ af/L xl/ofnL 5

t/sf/L vfP/ xfdL :j:y aGg] /]

3/ 5]psf] af/LnfO{ s/];faf/L eGg] /] .

lxpFbsf t/sf/L ;fu, d'nf, ufh/

t/sf/L kmnfpg ug'{k5{ hfFu/

w]/} y/L t/sf/L af/Ldf xf] nufpgL

zlgaf/ labfdf xfdLn] lg ;3fpgL .

efG5faf6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/ hDdf u/]/

sDkf]i6 dn agfpmF vf8ndf e/]/

uf]8d]n u/]/ emf/kft kmfn]/

w]/} kmN5 t/sf/L dnhn u/]/ .

xfd|f] ;fgf] af/Ldf s]/fp, aGbf klg 5

tfhf x'G5 ld7f] x'G5 ahf/sf] eGbf t

cuf{lgs t/sf/L vfg klg kfOG5

cfheGbf ef]ln emg xfdL :j:y eOG5 .

ufpF3/df a]df};dL t/sf/L kfOG5

afx|} dlxgf kmnfpg d]xgt rflxG5

eg eg ;fyL xf], s–s;sf] af/L 5

ltd|f] 3/sf] af/Ldf s] s] t/sf/L 5 <

&s/];faf/L

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• cfb/0fLo lzIfs, ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx?nfO{ b}lgs k|of]u ug]{ t/sf/Lsf

;fy} s/];faf/Lsf] kmf]6f] / lel8of] ;fdu|L b]vfO{ s/];faf/Lsf] kl/ro

u/fpg'xf];\ .

• s/];faf/L sljtf ljBfyL{nfO{ kfn}kfnf] jfrg ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .

!= ;Dej eP;Dd ljBfnosf] vfnL hUufdf s/];faf/L lgdf{0f ug{ ;bgfTds

?kdf ;d"x lgdf{0f u/L sfo{ ug{] k|lt:kwf{Tds cEof; ug{'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ 3/jl/kl/sf] ;fgf] af/LnfO{ s] elgG5 <

v_ s] u/]/ t/sf/L w]/} kmN5 <

u_ tkfOF{{sf] s/];faf/Ldf s] s] t/sf/L 5g\ <

3_ xfdL :j:y aGg s:tf] t/sf/L vfg'k5{ <

@= vfnL 7fpF eg{'xf];\ M

s_ t/sf/L kmn]/ af/L========== 5 . - kx]+nf], xl/ofnL /ftf] _

v_ 3/ 5]psf] af/LnfO{ ======= elgG5 . -s/];faf/L, v]t, 6f/L_

u_ xfdLn] lg ======== ;3fpF5f}F . -lbge/, zlgaf/, cfOtaf/_

3_ s/];faf/Ldf ======= t/sf/L kfOG5 . -/f;folgs, cuf{lgs_

#= of] klg hfgL /fvf}F .

• v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] cfˆgf gful/sx?nfO{ kf]if0fsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu

ljkGg ls;fgnfO{ t/sf/L v]tLsf nflu ljp / dndf cg'bfg lbg] sfo{qmd

NofPsf] 5 . ;fy} v]tL ug{] hldg yf]/} ePsfx?nfO{ ;d]t ef8fdf hUuf

pknAw u/fpb} cfPsf] 5 .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

:yfgLo k];f, Joj;fo / k|ljlw

PsfO–%

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7

efOalxgLx?nfO{ afF;sf af/]df

yfxf g} xf]nf . afF; ax'pkof]uL

jg:klt xf] . afF; gePsf] /

gkfpg] 7fpF klg sd} xf]nfg\ .

afF; g]kfndf dfq geP/ ljZjel/

nf]slk|o jg:klt xf] . Pl;ofdf

afF;nfO{ Pp6f dxŒjk"0f{ jg:klt

dflgG5 .

afF; k[YjLdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ jg:kltx?dWo] ;a}eGbf l56f] a9\g ;Sg] jg:klt xf] .

Pp6f afF;n] cfˆgf] hLjgsfndf Psk6s dfq} kmn lbg] ub{5 . o;sf] km"n ;]tf]

x'G5 . j}1flgsx?sf cg';f/ afF; lbgsf] cfwf lkm6;Dd a9\5 . afF; l;wf /

vf]qmf] jg:klt xf] .

;'¿df a;f]af;sf nflu 5fk|f] agfpg] sfddf afF;sf] k|of]u ePsf] kfOG5 . o;nfO{

n7\7L, wg', jf0f, efnf cflb agfpg] sfddf klg k|of]u ul/G5 . dflg;sf] hLjgdf

afF; w]/} sfddf rflxG5 . w]/} sfddf afF;sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . 3/b]lv uf]7;Dd

o;sf] k|of]u x'G5 . 3/sf] 5fgf] agfpFbf jf afb{nL xfNbf afF; k|of]u ul/G5 . 9f]sf,

e¥ofª, af/ agfpFbf klg afF; k|of]u x'G5 . j:t'efp afFWg] bfDnf], 3fF; sf6\g] 8f]sf]

agfpFbf klg afF; pkof]uL x'G5 . cGg ;'sfpg] dfGb|f] klg afF;af6 aG5 . cGg /fVg]

esf/L a'Gg, rfNgf], 8fnf], gfDnf] agfpg klg afF;sf] vfFrf] kb{5 .

hGdb]lv d[To';Dd o;sf] k|of]u x'G5 . aRrf hGd]kl5 aRrfnfO{ v]nfpg] sf]sf{]

klg afF;af6 aG5 . dflg; dbf{ klg afF; g} rflxG5 . kmlg{r/sf ?kdf 6]a'n, s';L{,

b/fh, :6'n, d'9f agfpFbf klg afF;sf] k|of]u x'G5 . v]nf}gfsf ?kdf lkm/lkm/], k6k6],

*ax'pkof]uL af“;

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 27

lkmTsf}nL, aGb's cflb klg afF;af6 agfpg ;lsG5 . z}lIfs ;fdu|Lsf ?kdf

sndbfgL, d;LbfgL, Pjfs; cflbsf nflu klg afF;sf] vfFrf] kb{5 . df5f dfg{]

;fwgsf ?kdf 9l8of, l;lk|ª, km'n'{'ªsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu klg afF; cfjZos x'G5 .

afF;sf] k|of]u t/sf/Lsf ?kdf klg x'g] ub{5 . afF;sf] tfdfsf] 6';f kf}li6stfsf]

/fd|f] ;|f]t xf] . afF;sf] k|of]u 3fF; / bfp/fsf ?kdf klg Jofks ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

afF;sf] kft ufO{j:t'nfO{ v'jfpg k|of]u x'G5 .

afF; /f]Kgsf nflu vfnL ePsf h'g;'s} k|sf/sf hUuf;d]t k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

afF; le/fnf] hldg tyf vf]N;f vf]N;Ldf klg /fd|} ;lk|G5 . af9Lklx/f] hfg]

7fpFx?df afF; /f]k]/ klx/f] /f]Sg ;lsG5 . o;n] df6f]nfO{ aUg lbFb}g . afF;sf]

d'gfnfO{ tfdf elgG5 . tfdfsf] t/sf/L ld7f] x'G5 . o;df ljleGg kf}li6s tŒjx?

kfOG5g\ of] :jflbnf] t/sf/L dWo] kb{5 . tfdfnfO{ tfhf / cldNofP/ b'O{ k|sf/n]

vfg ;lsG5 . ufpF3/df ;;fgf efG;f sf]7f agfpg afF;sf] k|of]u ul/G5 . o;af6

s6]h z}nLsf 3/ tyf xf]6]n klg agfpg ;lsG5 . cfhef]ln o:tf afF;af6

agfOPsf 3/ / xf]6nx? w]/}n] dg k/fpF5g\ .

efOalxgL xf] Û v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf klg k|z:t} afF; tyf lgufnf]x? kfOG5g\ .

logLx?nfO{ k|of]u ug{ ghfg]/ bfp/f afn]/ dfq To;} v]/ uO/x]sf 5g\ . logaf6

ljleGg ;fdu|L agfP/ a]Rg ;s]df xfd|f] hLljsf]kfh{gdf o;n] 7"nf] ;xof]u

k'¥ofpg] 5 .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ glhs}sf] afF;3f/Lsf] cjnf]sg u/fO{ afF;sf] kl/ro,

afF;sf k|sf/, afF;sf ljz]iftf / afF;sf] pkof]lutfsf ;DaGwdf k|sfz

kfg{'xf];\ .

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ x:tsnfsf] dxŒj / pkof]lutfsf ;DaGwdf ljleGg

hfgsf/Ld"ns lel8of] ;fdu|L k|:t't ul/lbg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

•

afF;af6 agfOg] ;fdu|Lsf] ;"rL agfO{ ;"rgfkf6Ldf 6fF:g'xf];\ .

afF;af6

agfpg ;lsg] s'g} Ps ;fdu|L sIff sf]7fdf k|:t't ug{"xf];\ .

• v}/xgLdf afF;sf] Jofj;flos v]tL ug{ ;lsG5 jf ;lsFb}g eGg] ljifodf

sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M

s_ afF; s:tf] jg:klt xf] <

v_ afF; s:tf] hldgdf /f]Kg ;lsG5 <

u_ afF;af6 s:tf] z}lnsf 3/ agfpg ;lsG5 <

3_ afv|fsf] vf]/ agfpg afF;sf] s;/L k|of]u x'G5 <

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] nfdf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M

s_ afF;sf ljz]iftfx? s]s] x'g\ < n]Vg'xf];\ .

v_ v}/xgLdf afF; s]–s:tf sfddf k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 <

#= tnsf dWo] afF;sf] k|of]u s'g s'gdf x'G5 <

-s_ 8f]sf] -v_ u'Gb|L -u_ 8fnf]

-3_ esf/L -ª_ xnf] -r_ s'rf]

$= tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP -_ / a]l7s eP -_ lrXg nufpg'xf];\M

s_ afF; ax'pkof]uL jg:klt xf] .

v_ afF; w]/} ga9\g] k|hfltsf] jg:klt xf] .

u_ afF; t/sf/L kmNg] 7fpFdf nufpg'k5{ .

3_ afF;sf] tfdfdf w]/} kf}li6s tŒj kfOG5g\ .

ª_ afF;n] klx/f] lgoGq0fdf d2t u5{ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 29

kf7 (k/Dk/fut cf/g k];f

l/t' / p;nfO{ ;fdflhs k9fpg]

lzIfs /d]zsf lardf cf/g k|ljlwsf

af/]df s'/fsfgL x'G5 M

  ;/, cf/g eg]sf] s] xf] <

 cf/g eg]sf] wft'sf ;fdu|L

lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ug]{ 7fpF

xf] . oxfF xFl;of, v's'/L,

aGr/f], sf]bfnf] cflbnfO{

ltvfg{] jf kmnfdsf] sfd klg ul/G5 . ufpF3/df xFl;of, bfp, v's'/L,

aGr/f], sf]bfnf] cflb xltof/x? k|of]u ul/G5 . To:tf xltof/x?

a]nfa]nfdf pWofpg'k5{ . gpWofpg] xf] eg] ltgsf] wf/ d5{ . wf/ d/]kl5

ltgn] /fd|f] sfd ub{}gg\ . ToxL wf/ nufpg] sfd cf/gdf ul/G5 . To:t},

xnf] hf]Tg] kmfnL, cf/L, cDvf]/f, tfKs], lbp/L cflb gofF agfpg] jf

k'/fgf] dd{t ug{] sfd cf/gd} ul/G5 .

  cf/gsf] sfd s;n] u5{ t ;/ <

 l7s k|Zg ;f]Wof} l/t' ltdLn] . cf/gsf] sfd klxn] klxn] ljZjsdf{x?n]

ub{y] . clxn] klg w]/} 7fpFdf ljZjsdf{x?n] g} cf/gsf] sfd u/]sf]

b]lvG5 . t/ cf/gsf] sfd l;ksf] sfd xf] . of] sfd h;n] u/]klg

x'G5 . o;df s;}n] ug{] / s;}n] gug{] eGg] x'Fb}g . o;df hfteftsf]

s'/f x'Fb}g . sfd eg]sf] h;n] u/] klg x'G5 .

 cf/gdf sfd u/]/ pgLx?n] s] kfpF5g\ t ;/ <

 xf], klxn] pgLx?n] cf/gdf sfd u/]afkt sfd u/fpg] dflg;n] cGg

lbg] rng lyof] . To;nfO{ …afnL3/] k|yfÚ elgG5 . ljZjsdf{x?sf

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

cf–cfˆgf 3/ x'G5g\ . pgLx?n] tL 3/sf efF8fs'F8f pWofpg] jf lau|]sf

xltof/ dd{t ug{] sfd ul/lbG5g\ . cfˆgf] sfd ul/lbPafkt sfd

u/fpg]n] jif{df Psk6s wfg, ds}, sf]bf] nufotsf cGg lbg] k|rng

afnL3/] k|yf xf] . of] k|rng sltko 7fpFdf clxn] klg 5 .

  clxn] klg afnL p7fpg] k|rng 5 ;/ <

 clxn] w]/} ;'wf/ ePsf] 5 . clxn] o;/L afnL p7fP/ sfd ubf{ 3f6f

x'g] ePsfn] pgLx?n] To;/L sfd ub{}gg\ . xltof/ / efF8f agfPsf]

gub k};f lnG5g\ . tTsfn} k};f lnP/ sfd ug{] ePsfn] clxn] of]

Joj;fo aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 .

  cf/gdf s] s] x'G5 t ;/ <

 cf/gs nflu Pp6f 5fk|f] x'G5 . To;df c+u]g' / vnfFtL x'G5 . vnfFtLn]

cu]g'df xfjf k7fpg] sfd u5{ . cu]g'df sf]Onfx? x'G5g\ . kmnfdnfO{

76fpg], lk6\g] / wf/ nufpgsf nflu 3g, kmnf;L, /]tL cflb ;fdfg

rflxG5 .

  s;/L wf/ nufOG5 t ;/ <

 ;a}eGbf klxn] xFl;of, aGr/f], sf]bfnf] cflbsf] wf/nfO{ sf]Onfsf]

e'ª\u|f]df k'/]/ /flvG5 . clg vnfFtLn] xfjf lbOG5 . xfjf lbPkl5

kmnfd klg tfTb} hfG5 . w]/} tft]kl5 kmnfd klg sf]Onf h:tf] /ftf]

x'G5 . /ftf] ePsf] kmnfdnfO{ 3gn] lk6\bf eg]h:tf] cfsf/ lbg ;lsG5 .

clg cfsf/ lbPkl5 kfgLsf] efF8fdf 8'afOG5 . kfgLsf] efF8fdf 8'afpg]

sfdnfO{ …kfOg xfn]sf]Ú elgG5 .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• cf/g k];f h:t} cGo k/Dk/fut k];f h:t}M 8f]sf] a'Gg], 6k/L nufpg]

ljifodf cfjZos hfgsf/L lbg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 31

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

•

tkfOF{sf] 3/df pWofpg'kg{] jf wf/ nufpg'kg{] s] s] s'/f x'G5g\ < ltgsf] gfd

n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpg'xf];\ .

• ljBfno j/k/ /x]sf] cf/gsf] :ynut e|d0f u/L ToxfF b]v]sf ;fdu|Lx?sf]

lrq agfP/ leQ]kfqf]df 6fF:g'xf];\ .

• tkfOF{sf] ufpF jf 6f]nsf] d"n k];f s] /x]sf] 5 < sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\ .

cEof;

1= x?Vx;\

s_ cf/g eg]sf] s] xf] <

v_ cf/gdf s] sfd ul/G5 <

u_ cf/gdf s] s] x'G5g\ <

@= Vx;\.

s_ cf/g eg]sf] kmnfdsf efF8f agfpg] jf ltvfg{] 7fpF xf] .

v_ cf/gsf] sfd ljZjsdf{x?n] dfq ug{'k5{ .

u_ kfOg xfNg] eg]sf] kfgL xfNg] eg]sf] xf] .

3_ cf/gdf cu]g' jf r'Nxf] x'Fb}g .

ª_ tft]sf kmnfdnfO{ lk6]/ rfx]sf] h:tf] agfpg ;lsFb}g .

#= cf/g k];fnfO{ cem} /fd|f] agfpg s] s] ug{ ;lsG5 < n]Vg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

:yfgLo k|fs[lts ;Dkbf

PsfO–^

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 33

kf7

-lzIfsn] cfh sIffdf xfd|f] v}/xgL

gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf hn;|f]tsf] kl/ro

/ pkof]lutfsf] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn u/fpFb}

x'g'x'G5 . ljBfyL{n] cfˆgf cg'ejx?

o;/L k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ ._

u'?cfdf M efO alxgLx? Û ltdLx?n] cfˆgf] ufFp 3/df vf]nf, gbL, kf]v/L,

tfntn}of, em/gf cflb b]v]sf 5f} t <

lnhf M u'¿cfdf Û xfd|f] ufFpsf] glhs} /fKtL gbL / a'9L /fKtL vf]nf /x]sf] 5

lg <

cd[t M xfd|f] t 3/ glhs} OrgL{ vf]nf 5 lg Û

hfGjL M u'?cfdf Û xfd|f] t 3/ glhs} kf]v/L 5 lg Û

u'?cfdf M afa' gfgLx? Û ltdLx?n] b]v]sf ;a} hn;|f]t x'g\ lg .

lnhf M To;f] eP xfd|f] gu/sf hn;|f]t s'g s'g x'g\ < atfO lbg'x'G5 ls<

u'?cfdf M xfd|f] gu/kflnsfdf y'k|} dfqfdf :yfgLo hn;|f]tx? /x]sf 5g\ /fKtL

gbL, OrgL{ vf]nf, a'9L /fKtL vf]nf, 9'+u|] vf]nf, kDkf vf]nf, nb/f

vf]nf, so/ vf]nf, lrp/L vf]nf, tgxL 3f]n cflb /x]sf 5g\ .

cd[t M

hn;|f]tsf] pkof]lutfaf/] klg atfOlbg';\ g < u'¿cfdf Û

u'?cfdf M g]kfn hn;|f]tsf] bf];|f] wgL b]z xf] . g]kfndf 5 xhf/ eGbf a9L

gbLgfnf /x]sf 5g\ . vfg]kfgL / 3/]n' pkof]u, l;+rfO, kz'kfng tyf

dT:okfng h:tf s[lifhGo pkof]u, hnljB't\, 3/]n' pBf]u, cf}Bf]lus

v}/xgLsf hn;Dkbf

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

Joj;fo tyf vfgLhGo pkof]u, hn oftfoft cflbsf nflu o;sf]

pkof]lutf /x]sf] kfOG5 .

hfGjL M

u'?cfdf Û :yfgLo hn;|f]tnfO{ arfpg s]–s] ug{ ;lsG5 lg <

u'?cfdf M /fd|f] k|Zg uof]{ hfGjL Û o;nfO{ arfpgsf nflu j[Iff/f]k0f ug]{, kfgLsf]

d'xfg jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ gug]{, snsf/vfgfsf b'lift kbfy{ gbL jf vf]nfdf

gld;fpg], ljiffbLsf] hyfefjL k|of]u gug]{, 9nhGo kbfy{nfO{ gbLdf

gld;fpg] cflb sfo{ ug{'k5{ .

lnhf M :yfgLo hn;|f]tsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf]df xh'/nfO{ w]/} w]/}

wGojfb Û

u'?cfdf M tkfO{x? klg :yfgLo hn;|f]tsf] af/]df 5nkmndf ;xefuL x'g'

ePsf]df w]/} w]/} wGojfb Û

!= tkfO{sf] ufpF3/df /x]sf :yfgLo hn;|f]tx?sf] cjnf]sg u/L sIffdf

5nkmn ug{'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• tkfO{F cfkm" a:g] If]q j/k/ /x]sf :yfgLo hn;|f]tsf] lrq jf kf]i6/

k|bz{g ug{'xf];\ .

• v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf :yfgLo hn;|f]tsf] ;'rL agfpg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 35

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .

s_ hn;|f]t eg]sf] s] xf] <

v_ tkfO{sf] :yfgLo hn;|f]tdf s'g s'g hnr/ kfOG5 < n]Vg'xf];\ .

u_ hn;|f]tsf] pkof]lutfaf/] n]Vg'xf];\ .

ª_ :yfgLo hn;|f]tnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{] pkfox? n]Vg'xf];\ .

@= vfnL 7fFp eg{'xf];\ .

s_ b/} af]6] tfn ================== xf] .

v_ g]kfndf 5 xhf/ eGbf a9L ================== /x]sf 5g\ .

u_ a'9L /fKtL vf]nf ================== sf] :yfgLo hn;|f]t xf] .

3_ xfdLn] :yfgLo hn;|f]tnfO{ ================== k5{ .

ª_ kfgLsf] d'xfg jl/kl/ ================== ug{'x'b}g .

kl/of]hgf sfo{

• lxhf] cfh tkfO{F xfd|f] ufpF3/df /x]sf s'jf wf/f x/fpFb} hfg'sf] sf/0f

af/] xh'/cfdf xh'/a'af;Fu ;f]lw n]Vg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7

sfutL (Lemon):

sfutL v}/xgLsf ;a} :yfgx?df

kfOG5 . ;+:s[t efiffdf o;nfO{

hDaL/d elgG5 . o;nfO{ lgDa' klg

elgG5 . sfutLsf] af]6df sfF8f x'G5 .

o;sf] e]6\gf] 5f]6f] x'G5 . o;sf] kmn

uf]nfsf/ cyjf cG8fsf/sf] x'G5 .

of] sfFrf]df xl/of] / kfs]kl5 kx]Fnf]

x'G5 . o;sf] :jfb cldnf] x'G5 .

sfutLsf] kmn cToGt pkof]uL x'G5 . lr;f] kfgL;Fu u'lnof] /; ld;fO{ vfFbf o;n]

xfd|f] lbdfu lr;f] agfpF5 / z/L/nfO{ zflGt lbG5 . dgtftf] kfgLdf yf]/} g'g ld;fO{

vfPdf z/L/nfO{ udL{ agfpF5 . ?3fvf]sLdf sfutL;Fu yf]/} g'g / a];f/ ld;fO{ ;]jg

u/] cf/fd lbG5 . o;n] ef]s hufpF5, vfgf krfpg ;xof]u u5{, /ut z'4 agfpF5,

5fnfsf] /f]u lgsf] kf5{ . sfutL cfwf bfgf, lrgL jf g'g / lh/f;Fu Ps lunf;

kfgLdf 3f]n]/ lkpFbf pQd x'G5 .

v}/xgLsf k|foM ;a} :yfgx?df sfutL x'g] x'gfn] o;sf] Jofj;flos v]tL u/L

k|z:t cfDbfgL ug{ ;lsG5 . sfutL v]tL ug]{ ls;fgx?nfO{ o; gu/kflnsfn]

lgMz'Ns ?kdf k|fljlws ;]jf tyf tflnd lbg] b]lv lnP/ o;sf] la?jfdf

cg'bfg, afnL ladf ubf{ lk|ldod z'Nsdf cg'bfg tyf dlNrª Knfli6s / d]l;g/L

cf}hf/ vl/bdf ;d]t cg'bfg lbg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

!! sfutL / k'lbgf

h8La'6L

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 37

k'lbgf

(Mint)

k'lbgf v}/xgLsf h'g;'s} :yfgdf

kfOG5 . sltko :yfgdf o;nfO{ ktgf,

kltgf klg eGb5g\ . k'lbgfsf] af]6

Psb]lv b'O{ lkm6;Dd cUnf] x'G5 .

o;sf] kft cG8fsf] cfsf/sf] x'G5 .

o;sf] kftsf] /ª xl/of] x'G5 . tnlt/

;fF3'l/Psf] x'G5 . o;sf] kftnfO{

r6gLsf ?kdf k|of]u ul/G5 .

k'lbgf xfd|f] :jf:Yosf nflu u'0fsf/L jg:klt xf] . o;sf] k|of]un] vfgfdf c?lr

ePdf ef]s a9fpF5 . o;n] k]6leqsf] hng / udL{af6 pTkGg x'g] /f]ux?df cToGt

kmfObf u5{ . o;n] vfgf krfpg] sfd u5{ . s;}nfO{ pN6L eO/xG5 eg] cn}FrL /

ld;|L ksfPsf] kfgLdf o;nfO{ lkg]/ xfNg] / lkpg] ul/G5 . k]6sf] h'sf k/]df o;sf]

k|of]u ul/G5 . lk;fa;DaGwL /f]udf of] lgs} pkof]uL x'G5 .

lxhf]cfh k'lbgfsf] Jofj;flos v]tL g} ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . xfdLn] cfˆgf] s/];faf/Ldf

o;sf] ;lhn} v]tL ug{ ;S5f}F . udnf jf yf]qf afN6L / a§fx?df df6f] e/]/ klg

o;nfO{ /f]Kg ;lsG5 . o;nfO{ r6gL / lrofsf ?kdf b}lgs vfg / lkpg ;lsG5 .

o;sf] k|of]uaf6 cfkm" / kl/jf/nfO{ :j:y agfpg ;lsG5 .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;Dej eP;Dd glhs /x]sf] sfutL jf s'g} hl8a'6L,

au}rfsf] e|d0fdf n}hfg'xf];\ .

• sIff sf]7fdf k'lbgfsf] af]6 -h/f;lxt_ Nofpg'xf];\ . To;sf] k|of]u /

dxŒjaf/] hfgsf/L lbg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

!= ltd|f] 3/df /x]sf] k'/fgf] afN6L jf udnfdf k'lbgfsf] af]6 /f]k]/ x'sf{pg]

sfd u/ . To;sf nflu cleefjs tyf lzIfssf] ;xof]u lng

;lsG5 .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

cEof;

!= tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP -_ lrXg / a]l7s eP -_ lrXg nufpg'xf];\M

s_ sfutLsf] af]6df sfF8f x'G5 .

v_ sfutL kfs]kl5 ;]tf] x'G5 .

u_ ?3fvf]sLdf sfutL;Fu yf]/} g'g / a];f/ ld;fO{ vfPdf cf/fd ldN5 .

3_ k'lbgfsf] kftsf] r6gL agfOG5 .

ª_ k'lbgfnfO{ udnfdf klg /f]Kg ;lsG5 .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M

s_ sfutLsf] kl/ro lbg'xf];\ .

v_ sfutLsf] k|of]uaf6 x'g] s'g} tLgcf]6f kmfObfx? n]Vg'xf];\ .

u_ k'lbgfsf] af]6 s:tf] x'G5 < kl/ro lbg'xf];\ .

#= tn lbOPsf lrqx¿df s'gs'g h8La'6Lx¿ x'g\ < lzIfssf] ;xof]udf gfd

n]Vg'xf];\ M

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

:yfgLo v]nx¿

PsfO–&

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7 !@ :yfgLo v]nx¿

v}/xgLdf k/Dk/fb]lv v]lnFb} cfPsf ljleGg v]nx? 5g\ . sltko v]nx? nf]k

x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ eg] sltko v]nx? cem} klg v]Ng] u/]sf] kfOG5 . v}/xgLsf s]xL

:yfgLo v]nx?sf] lgDgfcg';f/ kl/ro lbOPsf] 5M

-s_ u§f v]n M

u§f v]n s]6fs]6Lx? v]Ng

dg k/fpF5g\ . u§f v]nsf nflu

kfFrcf]6f uf]nf / ;fgf–;fgf

9'ª\ufx? tof/ ul/G5g\ / Pp6f

9'ª\ufdfly km\ofFlsG5 / rf/cf]6f

hldgd} x'G5 . xfjfd} /x]sf] 9'ª\uf

;dfTg'cl3 e'Ofdf ePsf] 9'ª\ufx?

;dflt ;Sg'k5{ . u§f Ps xft jf b'O{ xft b'j} xftn] v]Ng ;lsG5 .

-v_ efn] h'wfO v]n M

efn] h'wfO Pp6f k/Dk/fut

g]kfnL v]n xf] . o;df b'O{ hgf v]

nf8Lx¿ efn]h:t} tl/sfn] s'b\5g\

/ Ps–csf{nfO{ 7Ss/ lbg] k|of;

u5{g\ .

of] v]n zf/Ll/s cEof; /

;Gt'ngsf] nflu w]/} /fd|f] dflgG5 .

aRrfx¿ o; v]naf6 /dfOnf] dfq}

xf]Og, z/L/ rnfpg] / ;Gt'ng /fVg] ;Lk klg l;S5g\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 41

 v]n s;/L v]lnG5<

!= b'O{ hgf v]nf8L d}bfgdf pleG5g\ .

@= b'j}n] Ps v'§f p7fP/ csf]{ v'§fdfly /fV5g\ .

#= b'j} xft sDd/df /fVg'k5{ .

$= ca pgLx¿ efn]h:t} xfDkmfNb} Pscsf{nfO{ xNsf 7Ss/ lbG5g\ .

%= h;sf] v'§f klxnf hldgdf 6]lsG5, p v]naf6 aflxl/G5. .

-u_ 3}6f] km'6fO v]n M

3}6f] km'6fO g]kfnL k/Dk/fut /dfOnf] v]n xf] . of] v]n k|foM ufO{ hfqf, s[i0f

hGdfi6dL jf hg}k"l0f{df h:tf rf8kj{sf] ;dodf v]lnG5 . o; v]ndf Pp6f 3}6f]

-df6f]sf] efF8f]_ bxL, kfgL jf /+un] el/Psf] x'G5 / cUnf] 7fpFdf 8f]/Ln] afFw]/ em'08\

ofOG5 . v]nf8Lsf] cfFvfdf k§L afFlwG5 / p;nfO{ 3'dfP/ n¶L lbOG5 . To;kl5

p;n] cfFvf gb]vLsg n¶Ln] 3}6f] kmf]g{ k|of; u5{ . of] v]n w]/} /dfOnf] x'G5,

lsgeg] v]nf8L slxn] 3}6f]eGbf 6f9f k|xf/ u5{g\, slxn] glhs k'u]/ km'6fpF5g\ .

3}6f] km'6fpg] v]nn] ;Gt'ng, w}o{tf / nIodf Wofg lbg l;sfpF5 . ;fyLx¿aLr

d]nldnfk, xf:o / pd+u Nofpg] of] v]n ljz]ifu/L afnaflnsfnfO{ w]/} dgk5{ .

o;n] xfd|f] ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fdf klg ;xof]u k'¥ofpF 5 .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ v}/xgLdf v]lng] k/Dkl/t v]nsf af/]df lgodx? l;sfO{

v]Ng nufpg'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

• tkfOF{sf] ;d'bfodf v]lng] :yfgLo k/Dkl/t v]nx? s'g–s'g x'g\ <

;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

• tkfOF{sf] ;d'bfodf v]lng] s'g} Pp6f :yfgLo v]n ;fyLx?;Fu ldn]/

v]Ng'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

cEof;

!= tnsf vfnL 7fpFdf pko'Qm zAb eg'{xf];\ M

s_ u§f v]ndf==================cf]6f 9\ª\ufx? x'G5g\ .

v_ efn] h'wfO v]n zf/Ll/s =========== sf nflu /fd|f] dflgG5 .

u_ efn] h'wfO v]n v]Nbf b'j} xft =========== df /fVg'k5{ .

3_ 3}+6f] km'6fO v]n k|foM ======== df v]lnG5 .

ª_ k/Dk/fut v]nn] ;+:s[lt ========== df ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ u§f v]n s;/L v]lnG5 <

v_ efn] h'wfO v]ndf slthgf v]nf8L x'G5 <

u_ 3}+6f] km'6fO v]n lsg afnaflnsfx?nfO{ dg k5{ <

3_ dflysf v]ndWo] tkfO{FnfO{ dg kg{] v]n s'g xf] < / lsg <

#= xfd|f :yfgLo k/Dkl/t v]nx¿ lsg nf]k x'Fb} uPsf xf]nfg\ < o;sf]

;+/If0fsf nflu s]–s:tf pkfo ckgfpg'knf{ < tkfO{Fsf] ljrf/ n]Vg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

;8s ;'/Iff / ljkb\ Joj:yfkg

PsfO–*

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7

-wgdfof ;'gf/ / ;'/]z Gof}kfg]

v}/xgL gu/kflnsf, ( l:yt

/fli6«o cfwf/e"t ljBfno, a:of}

nLdf k9\5g\ . pgLx? Pp6} j8fdf

a:5g\ . cfh pgLx? ag hª\un

88]nf]sf] ljifodf s'/f ub{}5g\ ._

wgdfof M x}g ;'/]z cfh t cln l9nf eof] lg Û stf cndlnof} ltdL <

;'/]z M ;w}F d klxn] cfP/ ltdLnfO{ s'l//x]sf] x'Gy]F . cfh ltdLn] dnfO{

s'g{'kg{] eof] .

wgdfof M xf] lg Û lxhf] ;fFem ltdLn] kfl/ kfvfdf 89]nf] nfu]sf] b]Vof} <

;'/]z M lsg gb]Vg' < xfd|f t a'afcfdf / sfsf /flt g} 89]nf] lgefpg kfl/lt/

nfUg'eof] . d / lbbLdfq /ftel/ ToxL x]/]/ a:of}F . s:tf] 8/ nfUof]

lg Û pxfFx? aNnaNn 89]nf] lgefP/ laxfg ca]/dfq 3/ kms{g'eof] .

ToxL eP/ t cfh ljBfno cfpg l9nf eof] lg Û

wgdfof M -cln 8/fPh:tf] u/]/_ ToxL t xlu Û d t efG;fdf t/sf/L sf6\b}

lyPF . xfd|L xh'/cfdfn] PSsfl; u'xf/ Û u'xf/ ÛÛ eg]/ lrRofpg

yfNg'eof] . xQ g kQ cfFugdf lgl:sP/ kfl/lt/ x]/]sf] t bgbgL cfuf]

aln/x]sf] lyof] . xfd|f bfO klg ;fyLx? lnP/ 89]nf] lgefpg /flt

Tot} hfg'eof] .

;'/]z M dflg;sf] ;fgf] c;fjwfgLn] ;'? x'g] of] 89]nf] w]/} vt/gfs x'G5 .

ljz]iftM kmfu'g, r}t / j}zfv dlxgfdf xfdL w]/} ;ts{ x'g'k5{ . oltj]nf

hldg ;'Vvf x'G5 .

wgdfof M xf] lg ;'/]z Û To;/L 89]nf] km}lnFb} uof] eg] t'?Gt lgefpg klg ufx|f]

x'G5 . k|foM 89]nf] ;fFem / /fltsf] ;dodf a9L nfU5 . Toltv]/

dflg;nfO{ cfuf] lgefpg w]/} ;s; x'G5 . km]l/ kmfu'g–r}t dlxgfsf]

!# ljkb\ Joj:yfkg

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 45

v8]/Ldf hxfFtxLF kfgL kfpg klg w]/} d'l:sn 5 . of] a:tLlt/ km}lnof]

eg] emg\ vt/f x'G5 .

;'/]z M ltdLn] l7s eGof} wgdfof Û tL t 89]nf]sf sf/0f xfdLn] kfpg] b'Mv

/ Ifltsf s'/f eP . o;n] jg:klt, hLj / l;ª\uf] jftfj/0fdf klg

k|lts"n k|efj kf5{ lg Û jgsf dxŒjk"0f{ ¿vla?jfx? gi6 x'G5g\ .

kfgLsf d'xfgx? ;'Sg yfN5g\ . cd"No h8La'6Lx? gfl;P/ hfG5g\ .

sltko hLjhGt'x? d5{g\ .

wgdfof M oL t 89]nf]sf sf/0f l;h{gf x'g] c;/sf s'/f eP . ca xfdL ;a}

ufpFn]x? ldn]/ o;sf] lgoGq0fsf ljifodf ;f]Rg'k5{ . a? ltdLnfO{

89]nf] lgoGq0fsf af/]df yfxf ePsf s'/f eg g Û

;'/]z M xf] cjZo klg Û 89]nf]sf] /f]syfd / lgoGq0fsf nflu xfdL ;a}

cfcfˆgf 7fpFdf ;ts{ x'g' cfjZos 5 . 89]nf] nfUg] ;dodf xfdLn]

pRr xf]l;of/L ckgfpg'k5{ . ;'s]sf 3fF; / bfp/f ePsf 7fpFdf cfuf]

afNbf clt g} Wofg lbg'k5{ . 3fF; /fd|f] pld|G5 eGg] nf]en] v/af/Ldf

cfuf] afNg] sfd slxNo} ug{'x'Fb}g . w"dkfg ug{] dflg;n] hyfefjL

r'/f]6sf 7'6fx? kmfNg'x'Fb}g .

wgdfof M lxhf] klg j8fWoIfn] glhs}sf] k|x/L k|zf;g / ;]gfnfO{ va/ u/]5g\ .

clg t'?Gt} pgLx? cfP/ ;a} ufpFn]x?sf] ;xof]udf laxfgkv

aNnaNn cfuf] lgefPkl5 89]nf] lgoGq0f eP5 lg Û

;'/]z M wGg ;a} ldn]/ /fd|f] sfd u/]5g\ . gq t o;n] glhs}sf ufpFa:tL klg

;vfk kfg{] /x]5 xlu wgdfof Û

wgdfof M xf] lg ;'/]z Û clg ;'?df cfuf] nufpg] ufpFsf b'O{hgf s]6fx?nfO{

k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf lnO;s]sf] 5 /] Û c¿ b'O{hgf efu]sf 5g\ /] Û k|x/Ln]

pgLx?sf] vf]hL ub{} 5 /] Û

;'/]z M P l7s u/]5 . 89]nf] nufP/ ufpFdf cftª\s dRrfpg]nfO{ sf/jfxLsf]

bfo/fdf Nofpg}k5{ .

-s'/fsfgL ubf{ub{} pgLx? ljBfnodf k'U5g\ . Psl5gdf 306L nfU5 /

b'j}hgf c¿ ;fyLx?;Fu k|fy{gf;efdf ;xefuL x'G5g\ ._

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

!= sIffsf ;fyLx? ldn]/ clego;lxt of] ;+jfb k9\g'xf];\ . tkfO{Fsf

ufpF7fpFdf 89]nf] nfUbf s] ug{'x'G5 < sIffdf 5nkmn ug{'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• 89]nf]sf] lrq k|bz{g u/L ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljleGg ;d"xdf ljefhg u/]/

xfpefp;lxt o; ;+jfbdf ;xefuL u/fpg'xf];\ .

cEof;

!= pko'Qm cy{ 5fgL tnsf zAbx¿sf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M

cNnf/] gfl;g] sfd

;vfk ;a} l;4\ofpg] sfd

c;fjwfgL a]xf];Lkgf

bfo/f a]sfddf otfplt ef}Ftfl//xg]

nf]k 3]/f

@= tnsf a]l7s jfSonfO{ l7s agfP/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ wgdfof / ;'/]z k'/fgf] kFw]/fdf e]6 eP/ ahf/lt/ nfu] .

v_ jgef]h vfg] qmddf cfuf] ;lNsP/ 89]nf] nfu]sf] /x]5 .

u_ 89]nf] km}lnFb} uof] eg] t'?Gt lgefpg klg ufx|f] x'G5 .

3_ ;'/]zsf xh'/a'af /flt 89]nf] lgefpg hfg'eof] .

#= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ ;'/]z / wgdfofsf] ufpFdf s;/L 89]nf] nfu]sf] /x]5 <

v_ 89]nf] s;/L lgoGq0fdf cfP5 <

u_ 89]nf]n] jftfj/0fdf s]s] c;/ k'¥ofpF5 <

3_ 89]nf] lgefpFbf s]s] s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ <

ª_ 89]nf]nfO{ s;/L /f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 <

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 47

kf7 !$ 6«flkms lgod

;8sdf xfdL w]/} lsl;dsf uf8Lx¿, dflg;x¿ / ;fOsn rnfpg]x¿ b]V5f}+ . ;a}

hgf cf–cfˆgf] uGtJodf lxFl8/x]sf x'G5g\ . t/, olb ;a}n] lgod dfg]gg\ eg] s:tf]

xf]nf < ;8sdf htftt} uf8L u'8\g], dfG5] bf}l8g], sf]xL ;8ssf] aLrd} pleg] eP

eg] b'3{6gf x'G5. To;}n] xfdL ;a}n] 6«flkms lgod kfngf ug{'k5{ .

 6«flkms lgod eg]sf] s] xf] <

6«flkms lgod eg]sf] ;8sdf ;'/lIft ¿kdf lxF8\g / ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg agfOPsf

lgodx¿ x'g\ . oL lgodx¿n] ;8sdf cg'zf;g NofpF5g\ / dflg;x¿nfO{ b'3{6gfaf6

arfpF5g\ .

 d'Vo 6«flkms lgodx¿

!= h]a|fqm;af6 dfq ;8s kf/ ug{'xf];\ .

h]a|fqm; ;8ssf] efudf ;]tf] w;f{ agfOPsf] x'G5 . ToxfFaf6 dfq} ;8s kf/

ug{' ;'/lIft x'G5 .

@= 6«flkms aQL x]g{'xf];\ .

6«flkms aQL tLg /+usf x'G5g\M

/ftf] – /f]Sg'xf];\,

kx]+nf] – tof/L x'g'xf];\,

xl/of] – cufl8 a9\g ;lsG5

#= 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] O;f/f dfGg'xf];\ .

sltko 7fpFdf 6«flkms aQL gx'g ;S5 . ToxfF 6«flkms k|x/Ln] ;jf/LnfO{ lgoGq0f

u5{ . xfdLn] p;sf] ;+s]t a'‰g'k5{ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

$= ;8ssf] ;8s k]6Laf6 lxF8\g'xf];\ .

;w}F ;8ssf] ;8s k]6Laf6 dfq lxF8\g] afgL a;fNg'k5{ . ;8ssf] aLrdf lxF8\g'

vt/gfs x'G5 .

%= ;jf/L rnfpFbf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg'xf];\ .

df]6/;fOsn rnfpFbf x]Nd]6 nufpg'xf];\ . uf8Ldf a;]/ ofqf ubf{ ;L6 a]N6

nufpg'xf];\ .

 lsg cfjZos 5 6«flkms lgod <

6«flkms lgodn] xfdLnfO{ ;'/Iff lbG5 . olb xfdL lgod dfG5f}+ eg]M b'3{6gf x'Fb}g,

xfdL ;'/lIft /xG5f}+, ;8sdf Joj:yf ldN5, uGtJodf ;dodf k'Ug ;lsG5 .

 afnaflnsfn] s] ug{'k5{ <

;8s kf/ ubf{ cleefjs;Fu dfq kf/ ug{'xf];\ . slxNo} bf}l8Fb} ;8s kf/

gug{'xf];\ . uf8Laf6 plqFbf ;w}F uf8Lsf] k5fl8af6 xf]Og, cufl8af6

cf]n{g'xf];\ . ;fOsn rnfpFbf ;fO8af6 dfq rnfpg'xf];\ / 6«flkms lgod a'‰g

k|of; ug{'xf];\ .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• cfb/0fLo lzIfs, ljBfyL{x?nfO{ OG6/g]6sf] ;xfotfdf 6«flkms ;DaGwL

lel8of] k|bz{gL ug{'xf]nf .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 49

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ 6«flkms lgod eg]sf] s] xf]<

v_ 6«flkms aQLsf tLg /+u s]–s] x'G<

u_ h]a|fqm;af6 ;8s kf/ ubf{ lsg ;'/lIft x'G5<

3_ aRrfx¿n] ;8s kf/ ubf{ s] ug{' k5{<

@= vfnL :yfgx¿ eg{'xf];\M

s_ 6«flkms lgodn] xfdLnfO{ ============== x'gaf6 arfpF5 .

v_ uf8L rnfpFbf ============== / ;L6 a]N6 nufpg'k5{ .

u_ 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] ============== dfGg'k5{ .

3_ ;8s kf/ ubf{ ============== k|of]u ug{'k5{ .

ª_ xl/of] aQL aNbf ;jf/LnfO{ ============== kfOG5 .

#= æl7sÆ jf æa]l7sÆ n]Vg'xf];\M

s_ ;8ssf] aLraf6 lxF8\g' k5{ . - _

v_ 6«flkms lgod ;a}n] kfngf ug{'k5{ . - _

u_ df]6/;fOsn rnfpFbf x]Nd]6 gnufP klg x'G5 . - _

3_ 6«flkms aQLsf] ;+s]t x]/]/ ;8s kf/ ug{'k5{ . - _

ª_ aRrfx¿n] PSn} ;8s kf/ ug{ ldN5 . - _

cEof;

kl/of]hgf sfo{

• sIff sf]7fdf 6«flkms, ;jf/L ;fwg / ;8s ;'/Iffsf ljifodf 6«flkms

lrGxx? agfP/ sIffdf k|bz{g ug{'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

;x/L ljsf;, k|b"if0f tyf

kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg

PsfO–(

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 51

kf7

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ cg';f/ g]kfnnfO{ ;ft k|b]zdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfndf && j6f lhNnf cGtu{t afUdtL k|b]zdf /x]sf] lrtjg lhNnf klg Ps

xf] . o; lhNnfdf Ps dxfgu/kflnsf, kfFr gu/kflnsf / Ps j6f ufFpkflnsf

/x]sf] 5 .

lrtjgsf kfFrj6f gu/kflnsfdWo] v}/xgL gu/kflnsf klg Ps xf] . v}/xgL

gu/kflnsf cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts, z}lIfs, Jofkfl/s, wfld{s, ko{6sLo,

cf}Bf]lus, ;f+:s[lts, k|zf;lgs / :jf:Yosf] If]qdf /fd|f] dflgG5 . k"jL{ lrtjgdf

/x]sf rf/j6f gu/kflnsf dWo] v}/xgL gu/kflnsf klxnf] :yfgdf cfpF5 . o;

v}/xgL gu/ If]qdf /x]sf ahf/ If]qsf] ;ª\lIfKt kl/ro o; k|sf/ 5 .

!= k;f{ ahf/M v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] ;a}eGbf 7'nf] Jofkfl/s s]G›sf] ?kdf

k;f{ ahf/nfO{ lrGg] ul/G5 . k;f{ ahf/nfO{ gofF k;f{ / k'/fgf] k;f{ u/L b'O{

efudf afF8\g ;lsG5 . of] b'a} ahf/nfO{ kDkmf vf]nfn] hf]8]sf] 5 . k"j{ klZrd

/fhdfu{ ;'¿df aGbf k'/fgf] k;f{ ahf/ lgs} 7'nf] /x]sf] lyof] t/ k"j{ klZrd

/fhdfu{ gofF k;f{af6 ag] kl5 o;n] ahf/sf] lj:tf/ / Jofkstf emg\ /fd|f]

x'g uof] . of] ahf/ k"jL{ lrtjgsf] Jofkfl/s / k|zf;lgs If]qsf] ?kdf /x]sf]

5 . o; ahf/ If]qdf gu/kflnsf, dfnkf]t sfof{no, c:ktfn, d]l8snx?,

!% v}/xgLsf ahf/If]q

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

l;g]df xn, a}lÍª s]G›, ljBfnox?, pRr lzIffsf nflu sn]hx?, af]l8{ª

:s'nx?, kf6L{ Kofn];x?, ;Dk"0f{ Jofkfl/s s]G›x?, Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no,

d7 dlGb/x?, dl:hb, u'Daf, rr{ cflb /x]sf 5g\ .

@= Hofld/] ahf/ M of] ahf/ v}/xgL j8f g+= ! sf] k"j{klZrd /fhdfu{ If]qnfO{

;d]6]/ ag]sf] 5 . of] ahf/ t/sf/L rf]s b]lv nb/L vf]nfsf] k'n;Dd

km}lnPsf] 5 . of] ahf/ bf];|f] 7'nf] ahf/ xf] . o; ahf/df Jofkf/, t/sf/L

s]G›, a}+s cflbsf] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 .

#= a'9f}nL ahf/ M of] klg :yfgLo ahf/sf] ;fgf] ?k xf] . of] v}/xgLsf]j8f

gDa/ % df k5{ . o; ahf/sf] 5]pdf k|l;4 wfld{s :yn s[i0f dlGb/ /x]sf]

5 . o; ahf/df klg :yflgo yf]s tyf v'›f ;fdfgsf] lsga]r x'g] ub{5 .

$= v}/xgL ahf/M of] ahf/ ;a} eGbf k'/fgf] ahf/ xf] . of] j8f gDa/ ^ df kb{5

. ;'¿df /fhdfu{ aGbf of] ahf/df dflg;sf] rxnkxn /fd|f] /x]sf] lyof] . t/

/fhdfu{ gofF 7fFpaf6 uP kl5 of] ahf/ cf]em]ndf k/]sf] 5 . o; ahf/df

:yfgLo ;fdfgsf] lsga]r x'g] ub{5 .

%= s7f/ ahf/ M of] ahf/ v}/xgL j8f g+=!) df /x]sf] 5 . ;fljs s7f/

uf=lj=;=sf] s]G› ljGb' /x]sf] of] 7fFp :yfgLo ahf/sf] ?kdf lrGg] ul/G5 .

o; If]qsf dflg;x? xf]n;]n tyf v'›f ;fdfg lsga]r ug{'sf] ;fy} j8f

sfof{no, ;xsf/L, a}ªs, ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfx?, :s'n, af]l8ª, Jofkf/Ls

s]G› cflb /x]sf] 5 .

^= uj} ahf/ M of] v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] j8f g+=!# df kb{5 . of] ahf/ o;

If]qsf] dflg;x?sf] cfjthfjt ug]{ / :yfgLo ;fdfgsf] lsga]r ug]{ 7fFpsf]

?kdf lrGg] ul/Psf] 5 . o; ahf/df j8f sfo{fno, ;xsf/L, d]l8sn,

;/sf/L tyf lghL :s'n, k|x/L rf}sL / glhs} s'd/f]h ;fd'bflos jg tyf

ljleGg xf]6nx? cflb /x]sf 5g\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 53

&= s'd/f]h ahf/M of] ahf/ v}/xgL gu/kflnsf j8f g+=!@ df /x]sf] 5 . o;

:yfgLo ahf/ If]qdf ;fdg lsga]r ug{'sf] ;fy} j8f sfo{fno / ljleGg

;ª\3;+:yf /x]sf] 5 .

*= kfFr d'xfg] rf]s M of] v}/xgL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !) df kb{5 . of] ahf/

a8ufFp, slkof, kmkm}gL, hLjgk'/ cflb If]qsf nflu d'Vo ahf/ dflgG5 .

(= /fO{ rf]s M of] v}/xgL gu/kflnsf j8f g+=@ df /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qsf

dflg;x?sf] nflu of] :yfgLo ahf/sf] ?kdf lrGg] ul/G5 .

!)= k'n rf]s M of] v}/xgL gu/kflnsf j8f g+=$ sf] so/ vf]nfsf] lsgf/df

/x]sf] 5 . so/ vf]nfn] /Tggu/ gu/kflnsf / v}/xgL gu/kflnsfnfO{

5'6\ofPsf] 5 . o; 7fFpdf j8f sfo{no /x]sf] 5 . /Tggu/sf s]xL dflg;x?

/ :yfgLo dflg;x?sf] lsga]r ug]{ ahf/sf] ?kdf o;nfO{ lrGg] ul/G5 .

!!= l;4fy{ rf]s M of] v}/xgL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! df kb{5 . o; j8fsf

dflg;x? lsgd]n ug{ oxLF hfG5g\ . oxfF b"w 8]/L klg /x]sf] 5 . v/v'§] /

vo/3f/Lsf s]xL dflg;x?sf] :yfgLo lsgd]n ug]{ ahf/sf] ?kdf o;nfO{

lrGg] ul/G5 .

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• cfb/0fLo lzIfs, ljBfyL{x?nfO{ v}/xgLsf] j[Qlrq b]vfO{ oxfFsf k|d'v

ahf/ If]qx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg'xf];\ .

• tkfO{sf] 7fFpdf :yfgLo ahf/sf] ;'¿jft s;/L eof] < :yfgLo a'9fkfsfnfO{

;f]wk'5 u/L sIffdf k|:t't ug{'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk MljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .

s_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf :yfgLo ahf/sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

v_ k;f{ ahf/nfO{ lsg dxŒjk"0f{ ahf/sf] ?kdf lnOG5 < n]Vg'xf];\ .

u_ :yfgLo ahf/af6 ;d'bfonfO{ s] s] kmfObf k'Ub5 < n]Vg'xf];\ .

3_ :yfgLo ahf/nfO{ Jojl:yt /fVg s] s] ug{' k5{ < n]Vg'xf];\ .

ª_ æahf/sf] lj:tfl/t ?k g} ;x/ xf] .Æ lsg elgPsf] xf]nf .

@= vfnL 7fFpdf ldNg] zAb eg{'xf];\ .

s_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] ;a}eGbf 7'nf] Jofkfl/s s]G›sf] ?kdf =========

ahf/nfO{ lrGg] ul/G5 .

v_ t/sf/L rf]s b]lv nb/L vf]nfsf] k'n;Dd km}lnPsf] ======== ahf/ xf] .

u_ v}/xgL ahf/ ;a} eGbf =========== ahf/ xf] .

3_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf] j8f g+=!# df ============= ahf/ kb{5 .

ª_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! / !) hf]l8Psf] ========== rf]s xf] .

#= ;kmf / ;'Gb/ ahf/ agfpg s]–s] s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ < n]Vg'xf];\ .

kl/of]hgf sfo{

• :yfgLo ahf/sf] cjnf]sg u/L s] s:tf ;fdfgsf] laqmL ljt/0f

ul/G5 < 5f]6f] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 55

kf7 !^ k|b"if0f

xfdLn] b]v]sf jftfj/0fdf c;Gt'ng cfpg'

eg]sf] jftfj/0f k|b"if0f xf] . xfd|f] j/k/sf]

jftfj/0f ;kmf gx'g' / k|fs[lts cj:yfdf

cfpg] gsf/fTds k|efj g} jftfj/0f k|b"if0f

xf] . clxn] jftfj/0f k|b"if0f ljZjJofkL ;d:of

ag]sf] 5 . jftfj/0f k|b"if0fnfO{ jfo' k|b"if0f,

Wjlg k|b"if0f, vfB k|b"if0f, cf}Bf]lus, e"ld

cflb ljleGg k|b"if0fsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

xfjf, kfgL, hldg cflbdf ljleGg sf/0fn]

ef}lts, h}ljs tyf /f;folgs kl/jt{g cfO{

ltgLx?sf] u'0f:t/df Xf; cfpg] k|ls|ofnfO{

xfdL jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f eGg ;S5f}+ .

v}/xgL gu/kflnsf Ps ;'Gb/ 7fpF xf], t/ oxfF a9\bf] k|b"if0fn] jftfj/0fnfO{ gf]S;fg

k'of{O/x]sf] 5 . k|b"if0f eg]sf] xfjf, kfgL, / df6f]df x'g] kmf]xf]/ xf] h;n] dflg;,

hgfj/ / la?jfx¿sf] :jf:Yodf v/fa c;/ kb{/5. oxfF k|b"if0f w]/} k|sf/sf

7"nf] ;d:of xf] . uf8L, df]6/;fOsn / ˆofS6«Lx¿af6 lg:sg] w'jfFn] xfjfnfO{

b"lift agfpF5 . o;n] dflg;x¿nfO{ c:ydf, vf]sL / cGo kmf]S;f] ;DaGwL /f]u

nfUg ;S5 . o;af6 aRg xfdLn] ;fj{hlgs oftfoft jf ;fOsn k|of]u ug{'k5{

/ w]/} ?v /f]Kg'k5{. kfgL k|b"if0f klg v}/xgLsf] csf]{ 7"nf] ;d:of xf] . gbL /

gfnfx¿df Knfl:6s, 3/oltsf] kmf]xf]/ / sf/vfgfaf6 lg:sg] s]ldsn ldl;Psf]

kfgLn] hnhLjx¿sf] hLjgnfO{ vt/f agfO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] k|b'lift kfgLn] 8f9f,

k]6 b'vfO h:tf /f]ux¿ km}nfpF5 . xfdLn] gbL–gfnfnfO{ ;kmf /fVg'k5{ / slxNo}

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

klg kmf]xf]/ gˆofFSg'k5{ . df6f] k|b"if0f klg a9\b}5 lsgeg] dflg;x¿n] Knfl:6s,

sfFr / cGo gl8Ug] j:t'x¿ hldgdf ˆofFS5g\ . o;n] df6f]sf] pj{/f zlQm 36fpF5

/ la?jfx¿sf] j[l4df afwf k'of{pF5 . xfdLn] sDkf]:6 dn agfpg'k5{ / Knfl:6s,

sfFrnfO{ l/;fOlSnª ug{'k5{. Wjlg k|b"if0fn] klg dflg;x¿nfO{ ;tfO/x]sf] 5.

ahf/, :s"n / ;8sdf x'g] xNnf, xg{ ahfpg] cfjfhn] zflGtnfO{ e+u u5{ . o;n]

;'Tg g;Sg], lrl9\r9fpg] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ k}bf u5{ . xfdLn] cfjZos gePdf xg{

gahfpg] / zfGt jftfj/0f sfod ug{'k5{ . k|b"if0f sd ug{ xfdL ;a}n] ldn]/ sfd

ug{'k5{. ?v /f]Kg], kfgL arfpg], kmf]xf]/ plrt 7fpFdf ˆofFSg], / Knfl:6ssf] k|of]u

sd ug]{ h:tf ;fgf sbdx¿n] v}/xgL gu/kflnsfnfO{ :jR5 / xl/ofnL agfpg

;S5 . olb xfdL cfh}af6 ;r]t eof}+ eg] eljiodf xfd|f] jftfj/0f ;'/lIft / :j:y

x'g]5 .

jftfj/0f k|b"if0f sf/0fx¿ M

• cJojl:yt cf}Bf]lus ljsf; ug{',

• hyfefjL pTvgg\ ug{',

• j}1flgs s[lif k|0ffnL canDag gug{',

• hyfeflj kmf]xf]/ ug{' jf Joj:yfkg gug{',

• Knfli6sx?sf] k|of]u tyf Knfli6s hGo j:t' hnfpg',

• k'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwgx?sf] k|of]u ug{',

dflysf s'/fx?nfO{ a]jf:tf u/]df xfdLn] ljleGg jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf c;/x? v]Kg

afWo x'g]5f}F . xfdLn] dfq geP/ xfd|f] l5d]sL kflnsfn] klg jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf

c;/x? v]Kg afWo x'g] 5g\ .

jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf c;/x¿ M

• Zjf;k|Zjf; 5fnf, cfFvf ;DaGwL /f]ux? b]vf kg{',

• hnLo kfl/l:ylts, df6f]sf] pj{/f zlQm, cf]hf]g tx Ifo eP/ hfg',

• dflg;x?nfO{ k|b"if0fhGo ljleGg k|sf/sf /f]u nfUg'

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 57

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf ;DaGwdf k|i6 kfg{ glhs} /x]sf] vf]nf,

pBf]u, j/k/sf] If]q e|d0f u/fpg'xf];\ .

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf sf/0fx?af/] atfOlbg'xf];\ .

lqmofsnfk

• tkfO{+n] v}/xgL gu/kflnsfnfO{ k|b"if0fd'Qm agfpg s]–s] ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 <

n]Vg'xf];\ .

cEof;

!= clt 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M

s_ k|b"if0f eg]sf] s] xf] <

v_ v}/xgLdf slt k|sf/sf k|b"if0f 5g\ < gfd n]Vg'xf];\ .

u_ xfjf k|b"if0fn] s'g /f]ux¿ km}nfpF5<

3_ kfgL k|b"if0f sd ug{ s] ug{'k5{<

@= pko'Qm zAbn] vfnL 7fpF eg{'xf];\M

s_ ˆofS6«Laf6 lg:sg] =========== n] xfjf k|b"if0f a9fpF5. -w'jfF÷kfgL_

v_ gbLdf ˆofFlsPsf] ============= n] hnhLjx¿ d5{g\. -km"n÷Knfl:6s_

u_ ============= /f]Kgfn] xfjf ;kmf x'G5. -9'+uf÷?v_

3_ ============= k|b"if0fn] dflg;nfO{ lrl9\r9fpg] ;d:of x'G5. -Wjlg÷df6f]_

#= pQ/ lbg'xf];\ -@–# jfSo_M

s_ df6f] k|b"if0f lsg x'G5< o;nfO{ /f]Sg s] ug{ ;lsG5 <

v_ Wjlg k|b"if0fn] xfdLnfO{ s;/L c;/ u5{ <

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7 !&

;x/ hlt ;Eo, ;';+:s[t

/ Jojl:yt agfpg ;Sof]

k|lti7f plQs} r'lnb} hfg]

xf], sLlt{ plQs} km}lnb} hfg]

xf] . kmf]x/ Joj:yfkg w]/}

;x/x?sf] 6fpsf] b'vfOsf]

ljifo alg/x]sf] va/ ;~rf/df

5fO/x]sf] x'G5 . 9n lgsf;,

kmf]x/ Joj:yfkg / ;/;kmfOdf plrt Wofg gk'Ubf k|b"if0f, /f]u / dxfdf/L ;Fu;Fu}

;x/sf] k|lti7fdf ;d]t g/fd|f] c;/ kfl//x]sf] x'G5 .

;8sdf u'8\g] uf8Lx? k'/fgf / yf]qf ePdf w'Fjf a9L kmfNg], c:tJo:t ;8ssf

sf/0f ;8s b'3{6gf x'g], /f;folgs dn, ljifflbsf] k|of]un] df6f]sf] k|b"if0f a9\b}

dfgj hLjgdf gsf/fTds c;/ kfl//x]sf] x'G5 . qmdzM ;x/Ls/0fsf] r/0fdf

/x]sf] k"j{klZrd /fhdfu{n] 5f]Psf] 5 .

kmf]x/nfO{ df]x/df kl/0ft ug]{ gf/f adf]lhd kmf]x/af6 h}ljs dn agfpg gu/kflnsfn]

jfo'k|b"if0f Go"gLs/0f, kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg / k|fËfl/s dn pTkfbg sfo{qmd

;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . o;af6 ls;fgnfO{ /fxt x'g] tyf jftfj/0f ;kmf /xg]

h:tf ax'kIfLo If]qdf nfebfos x'g] b]lvG5 h:t}M k|fËfl/s dn pTkfbg sfo{qmd,

kflnsfleqsf ;fd'bflos jgx?df xl/of tyf ;'s]sf kft ;ª\sng u/L h}ljs

dn agfpg] tyf ;–;fgf] /f]huf/Ld"ns sfo{qmd yfn]sf] b]lvG5 .

v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] 8f]/ 6' 8f]/ k|lj|mofaf6 kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkgsf] sfd cufl8

kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 59

a9fPsf] 5 . o; kflnsfdf k|lt lbg sl/a % 6g kmf]xf]/ pTkfbg x'G5 . h;dWo]

gu/kflnsfn] xfn;Dd # 6g kmf]xf]/ p7fpg] u/]sf] 5 . o; kflnsfsf] j8f g+=

^ / * df s'lxg] kmf]xf]/ / gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ juL{s/0f u/L ;ª\sng x'G5 eg] cGo

j8fdf ;ª\sng u/]kl5 juL{s/0f x'G5 . gu/kflnsfn] ahf/If]qsf j8f g+= ^ /

* df s'lxg] kmf]xf]/ / gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ juL{s/0f u/L ;ª\sng ug{sf nflu 5'§f5'§}

8:6lagsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] lghL sDkgL;Fu ldn]/ kmf]xf]/af6 k|fª\

ufl/s dn ;d]t agfPsf] 5 . h;nfO{ xfdL s/];faf/L / v]tLkftLdf k|of]u ug{

;S5f} xfdLn] klg 3/ ljBfnoaf6 l;h{gf x'g] kmf]xf]/nfO{ plrt ?kdf /fVg' k5{ .

lzIfsnfO{ lgb]{zglzIfsnfO{ lgb]{zg

• cfb/0fLo lzIfs, tkfO{n] k9fpg] ljBfno slt gDa/ j8fdf kb{5 < ;f]

j8fdf gu/kflnsfn] kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkgsf nflu s:tf of]hgf agfPsf]

5 <

lqmofsnfk

• v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] ;~rfng u/]sf] kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg sfo{qmdsf

nfebflos kIfx? tyf cfkm"nfO{ dg k/]sf] sf/0faf/] sIffdf 5nkmn

ug{'xf];\ .

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ .

s_ ;x/ s:tf] agfpFbf k|lti7f / sLlt{ a9\5 <

v_ ;x/sf] k|lti7fdf g/fd|f] c;/ kfg]{ s'/fx¿ s]–s] x'g\ <

u_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf k|lt lbg slt kmf]xf]/ pTkfbg x'G5 <

cEof;

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

3_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] s'g–s'g j8fdf kmf]xf]/sf] juL{s/0f u/L ;Íng

u/]sf] 5 <

ª_ gu/kflnsfn] kmf]x/ Joj:yfkgsf nflu s'g sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf

NofPsf] 5 <

r_ xfdLn] 3/ / ljBfnoaf6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/nfO{ s;/L /fVg' k5{ <

@= vfnL 7fFpdf ldNg] zAb eg{'xf];\ .

s_ ;x/ hlt =========, ;';+:s[t / Jojl:yt aGof], k|lti7f Tolt g} r'lnG5 .

v_ 9n lgsf;, kmf]x/ Joj:yfkg / ;/;kmfOdf plrt Wofg gk'Ubf =========,

/f]u / dxfdf/L km}lnG5 .

u_ k'/fgf / yf]qf uf8Laf6 w]/} ========= lg:sG5 .

3_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfn] 8f]/ 6' 8f]/ k|ljlwaf6 ========= Joj:yfkgsf]

sfd cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 .

ª_ gu/kflnsfn] lghL sDkgL;Fu ldn]/ kmf]x/af6 ========= dn agfPsf]

5 .

r_ v}/xgL gu/kflnsfdf k|ltlbg sl/a ========= 6g kmf]x/ pTkfbg x'G5 .

5_ j8f g+= ^ / * df ========= / gs'lxg] kmf]x/ juL{s/0f u/L ;Íng

ul/G5 .

kl/of]hgf sfo{kl/of]hgf sfo{

• 3/df efG;fsf]7f / cGo sf]7faf6 l;h{gf x'g] kmf]xf]/nfO{ 5'§f 5'§} ?kdf

/fVg] Joj:yf ug{'xf];\ . / ;f] ;DaGwL kmf]6f] lzIfsnfO{ d"Nof+sgsf

nflu k7fpg'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

xfd|f d"No, dfGotf,

;bfrf/ / of]u

PsfO–!)

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

kf7

cfhef]ln w]/} dflg;x?n] ahf/sf]

vfg]s'/f vfG5g\ . ahf/df kfOg]

Knfl:6sdf Kofs]6 ul/Psf vfg]s'/fn]

xfd|f] :jf:Yo lalu|G5 . rfprfp, la:s'6,

lrhaN;, s'/s'/] h:tf ahf/df kfOg]

vfg]s'/f vfFbf To;n] xfd|f] :jf:Yo

sdhf]/ agfpF5 . o:tf j:t'nfO{ …hª\s

km'8Ú elgG5 .

o:tf j:t'df s'g} kf}li6s tŒj x'Fb}g . o:tf j:t'x?df g'g, lrgL, lrNnf] a9L

/fv]/ sf/vfgfdf k|zf]wg ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx?sf] k|of]u ul/G5 . o:tf j:t'x?nfO{

cfsif{s agfpg ljleGg /f;foflgs kbfy{ tyf /ªx? k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5 .

To:t} sf]s, ˆofG6f h:tf k]o kbfy{ klg ;]jg ug{'x'Fb}g . logLx?n] s]xL ;do ltvf{

d]6]h:tf] nfu] klg clGtddf emg} ltvf{ a9fpF5g\ . o:tf k]o kbfy{df lrgL a9L

xflnPsf] x'G5, h;sf sf/0f df]6f]kg a9\g], dw'd]x tyf d'6'sf /f]ux? nfUg] vt/f

x'G5 . o:tf vfB kbfy{x?n] xfd|f] z/L/df la:tf/} c;/ ub}{ hfG5g\ . To;}n] o:tf

vfg]s'/fnfO{ …dGb ljifÚ klg elgG5 .

rfprfp, la:s'6 h:tf ahf/df kfOg] tof/L

vfgfeGbf 3/df agfOPsf vfg]s'/f vfg' /fd|f] x'G5 . 3/df agfOPsf k|fs[lts

vfgf vfFbf xfd|f] z/L/nfO{ rflxg] kf}li6s tŒjx? k'U5g\ . xfdLnfO{ /f]ux?sf]

hf]lvd klg sd x'G5 .

cN5L u/]/ 3/df vfg]s'/f gagfpg] t/ ahf/df uP/ lsGg ;lhnf] dfGg] afgLnfO{

5f]8\g'k5{ . s]xL ;do hfFul/nf] gx'Fbf xfdLn] xfd|f] dxŒjk"0f{ :jf:Yo u'dfpF5f} .

dflg;sf nflu ;a}eGbf 7"nf] s'/f g} :jf:Yo xf] . :jf:YonfO{ ljleGg s'/fx?n]

c;/ u5{g\ . xfdLn] h:tf] vfg]s'/f vfG5f}F, xfd|f] :jf:Yo klg To:t} aG5 .

!* :j:ys/ vfg]s'/f

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 63

kf]l;nf] / 3/df agfPsf] vfg]s'/f vfFbf xfdL w]/} /f]ux?af6 aRg ;S5f}F .

t/ ahf/df Kofs]6df kfOg] ld7fO, rsn]6, la:s'6, rfprfp, s'/s'/] cflb vfFbf

xfd|f] z/L/ la:tf/} sdhf]/ aGb} hfG5 . xfdLnfO{ rflxg] zlSt z/L/df x'Fb}g . clg

ljleGg /f]ux? nfUg ;'? x'G5 .

!= ahf/sf vfg]s'/fsf ;6\6fdf 3/df vfhfsf ?kdf agfpg ;lsg]

vfg]s'/f s] s] xf]nfg\ < 5nkmn ug{'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k|f]h]S6/af6 hª\s km'8 vfP/ la/fdL k/]sf dflg;x?sf]

lel8of] b]vfpg] . hª\s km'8sf] c;/ b]vfpg] / ;r]t u/fpg] vfnsf

lel8of]x? k|:t't ub{} o;sf af/]df k|sfz kfl/lbg] . ;fy} hª\s km'8sf]

ljsNkdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 3/]n' vfg]s'/fx?sf af/]df klg atfOlbg] .

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M

s_ cfhef]ln w]/} dflg;x?n] s:tf vfg]s'/f vfG5g\ <

v_ hª\s km'8 eg]sf] s] xf] <

u_ hª\s km'8x?sf sf/0f s]s:tf /f]ux? nfUg ;S5g\ <

3_ s:tf vfB kbfy{x?nfO{ …dGb ljifÚ elgG5 <

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

@= vfnL 7fpF eg'{xf];\ M

s_ cfhef]ln w]/} dflg;n] ======= vfg]s'/f vfG5g\ . -ahf/sf]÷3/sf]_

v_ hª\s km'8n] :jf:Yo ============= agfpF5 . -alnof]÷sdhf]/_

u_ hª\s km'8df u'lnof], g'lgnf] / lrNnf] =========== xflnPsf] x'G5 .

-sd÷a9L_

3_ ahf/sf k]o kbfy{x?df a9L ================ xflnPsf] x'G5 .

-a];f/÷lrgL_

#= tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP -_ / a]l7s eP -_ lrXg nufpg'xf];\M

s_ 3/df agfOg] vfg]s'/f hª\s km'8 x'g\ .

v_ hª\s km'8x? x]bf{ cfsif{s jf /ª\uLg x'G5g\ .

u_ hª\s km'8df zlSt x'G5 .

3_ hª\s km'8nfO{ …dGb ljifÚ klg elgG5 .

$= tnsf] lrq x]/L kf]ifs vfgf / kq' vfgfsf] af/]df 5nkmn ug{'xf];\ .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 65

kf7 !( of]u

tf8f;g

of]u u'? l;sfpg'x'G5 M

tf8 eg]sf] ¿vsf] gfd xf] . o; cf;g ubf{ tf8sf] ¿vh:t}

z/L/nfO{ dflylt/ tGsfpg] ul/G5 . To;}n] o;nfO{ tf8f;g

elgG5 .

– l;wf plepm M

– ;f;nfO{ la:tf/} tfGb} b'a} xftnfO{ sfFweGbf dfly p7fpm .

– xftx?;Fu v'6\6fsf s's'{Rrfx?nfO{ la:tf/} dfly p7fpm .

– v'6\6fsf s's'{Rrx?nfO{ dfly p7fpFb} ubf{ !÷@) k6s;Dd uGtL u/ .

– of] cf;g #÷% k6s;Dd bf]xf]¥ofpm .

efOalxgLx? xf] Û ltdLx?nfO{ of] cf;g ugf{n] w]/} kmfObf x'G5 . o;

cf;gsf] ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ ljz]iftf eg]sf] ltdLx?sf] prfO{ a9fpg d2t u5{ .

ltdLx?nfO{ l;wf pleg ;xof]u u5{ . ltd|f] d]?b08nfO{ alnof] agfpF5, ltd|f]

:d/0fzlSt a9fpF5 .

w|'jf;g M

of]uu'? l;sfpg'x'G5 M

…w|'jÚ zAbsf] cy{ grNg] jf crn xf] . Pp6f v'6\6fn]

l;wf pleP/ ul/g] cf;g g} w|'jf;g xf] .

– b'j} v'6\6f hf]8]/ l;wf plepm .

– ltd|f] bfofF v'6\6fnfO{ df]8 .

– Tof] v'6\6fnfO{ afofF, lt3|fsf] ;xfotfn] c8\ofpm .

– la:tf/} ;f; tfg .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $

– b'j} xftnfO} hf]8]/ 5ftLdf 5'g]u/L gd:sf/ u/ .

– s]xL ;do plePkl5 lj:tf/} ;f; 5f]8 / b'j} xftnfO{ tn emf/ .

– bfFof v'6\6fnfO{ klg tn emf/ .

– afFof v'6\6fnfO{ klg oxL cEof; u/ .

efOalxgLx? Û ltdLx?nfO{ of] cf;g ugf{n] w]/} s'/fx?df kmfObf k'U5 .

of] cf;g ugf{n] ltdLx?sf] Wofg k9fO jf h] sfd ug{ nfu]sf 5f}, To;df s]lGb|t

x'G5 . ltd|f] sfFw / v'6\6fnfO{ klg alnof] agfpF5 . ltdLdf cfTdljZjf; a9\5 .

ljBfyL{x?nfO{ w|'jf;gsf] cEof; ug{ nufpg'xf];\ / o;af6 x'g] kmfObfsf

af/]df j0f{g ul/lbg'xf];\ .

e|fd/L l;sf}F

of]uu'? l;sfpg'x'G5 M

ltdLx?n] ed/f u'Gu'gfPsf] ;'g]s} xf}nf . cfh xfdL

ed/f u'gu'gfP em+} u'gu'gfpg] 5fF} . To;}n] o;nfO{

e|fd/L elgPsf] xf] . e|fd/L k|f0ffofd xf] . k|f0ffofd

eg]sf] ;f; lng] / kmfNg] lgod xf] .

e|fd/L ubf{ oL s'/fx¿df Wofg b]pm M

– cfˆgf] 9f8, uw{gnfO{ l;wf /fv .

– cfˆgf] b'j} xftsf rf]/L cf}FnfeGbf tnsf] cf}Fnfn]

cfFvf 5f]k .

– rf]/L cf}Fnf cfFvfdfly /fv .

– b'j} xftsf] a'9L cf}Fnfn] b'j} sfgsf] r'Rrf] efudf bafa b]pm .

– ca sfg aGb x'G5 .

– nfdf] ;f; tfGg] / 5f]8\g] a]nfdf ed/f em} u'~hg u/ .

– of] $÷% k6s;Dd ug{ ;lsG5 .

efOalxgLx? xf] Û of] e|fd/L ugf{n] tgfj x6\5 . xfd|f] :d/0fzlSt alnof]

x'G5 . 6fpsf] b'vfO tyf clgb|f x6fpF5 .

xfdL / xfd|f] v}/xgL sIff $ 67

lzIf0f ;'emfjlzIf0f ;'emfj

• ljBfyL{x?nfO{ e|fd/L, tf8f;g / w|'jf;gsf] af/]df l;sfO{ cEof;

u/fpg'xf];\ . cfjZos 7fpFdf ;xof]u ul/lbg'xf];\ .

• tf8f;gsf] gd'gf sIffdf k|bz{g ug'{xf];\ / cfkm"n] u/]sf] s:tf] eof] <

;fyLx?;Fu ;f]Wg'xf];\ .

• e|fd/L ul/;s]kl5 tkfOF{nfO{ s:tf] cg'ej eof] < ;fyLx?nfO{ cfˆgf]

cg'ej ;'gfpg'xf];\ .

ljBfyL{ lqmofsnfk M

!= l7s eP -_ a]l7s eP -_ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ tf8 eg]sf] ?vsf] gfd xf] .

v_ tf8f;g ubf{ s's'{Rrf v'Drofpg' x'Fb}g .

u_ e|fd/Ldf ed/ u'gu'gfP em}F u'Gu'gfOG5 .

v_ tf8f;g ubf{ s's'{Rrf v'Drofpg' x'Fb}g .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

s_ tf8f;g eg]sf] s] xf] <

v_ tf8f;g ugf{n] x'g] d'Vo b'O{ kmfObfx? s]–s] x'g\ <

s_ w|'af;g eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <

v_ w|'af;g ugf{n] x'g] s'g} b'O{ kmfObf af/] n]Vg'xf];\ .

cEof;